福利經濟學 - 經濟

By Jacky
at 2011-12-17T06:17
at 2011-12-17T06:17
Table of Contents
→ stevegreat08:完整市場是指供需都存在且資訊對稱 抱歉....我看錯了 12/15 17:23
一個問題:
如果資訊對稱是完整市場的必要條件,所有存在完整市場的情形根本就不需要市場嘛!
因為既然沒有資訊不對稱的問題,政府可以直接當計畫者,直接用計劃經濟解決一切
的問題(注意:這個才是福利經濟學第一定理的奧義!),頂多是要買一台超級電腦
保證計算能力足夠而已嘛!
等等,那海耶克 The Use of Knowledge (AER 1945) 是在講什麼啊?
http://www.econlib.org/library/Essays/hykKnw1.html
"If we possess all the relevant information, if we can start out from a
given system of preferences, and if we command complete knowledge of
available means, the problem which remains is purely one of logic."
「如果我們擁有所有的資訊,如果我們可以從一個完整的偏好體系開始,
而且知道一切可以使用的資源,這個(經濟)問題就變成單純的邏輯問題。」
在海耶克的心目中,市場制度的產生,本身就是解決「資訊不對稱」的問題耶:
"Which of these systems [central planning, competition, or monopoly] is
likely to be more efficient depends mainly on the question under which of
them we can expect that fuller use will be made of the existing knowledge.
「哪一個制度(計劃經濟、市場經濟或獨占)比較有「效率」,取決於哪一個制度
最能有效率地使用現存的資訊。」(譯注:括弧內為前段所提到的三種制度)
And this, in turn, depends on whether we are more likely to succeed in
putting at the disposal of a single central authority all the knowledge
which ought to be used but which is initially dispersed among many different
individuals, or in conveying to the individuals such additional knowledge
as they need in order to enable them to fit their plans with those of others.
「而這個問題的答案,則取決於下列何者較為容易:把原本分散在許多人身上、
解決經濟問題所需的一切資訊統統集中在某個單一的中央集權組織(讓他去計算),
還是把每位個體做決定所需要的資訊告訴他們,讓他們各自的計畫能夠與其他人的
計畫調和。」
為什麼六十五年後的今天,還有人把「資訊對稱」當作「完全市場」的必要條件呢?
Joseph
PS: 另外一個相反但類似的問題是,為什麼寡佔就一定不會有效率?
Bertrand雙佔市場下的價格競爭可是會打到 P=MC 耶,那不是跟完全競爭一樣嘛?
--
Tags:
經濟
All Comments

By Oliver
at 2011-12-20T19:31
at 2011-12-20T19:31

By Steve
at 2011-12-24T10:29
at 2011-12-24T10:29

By Thomas
at 2011-12-28T11:43
at 2011-12-28T11:43

By Audriana
at 2011-12-30T18:39
at 2011-12-30T18:39

By Zora
at 2011-12-31T00:20
at 2011-12-31T00:20

By Lily
at 2012-01-01T12:51
at 2012-01-01T12:51

By Dora
at 2012-01-03T06:13
at 2012-01-03T06:13

By Kama
at 2012-01-04T20:47
at 2012-01-04T20:47
Related Posts
均衡薪資下的勞動量

By Ingrid
at 2011-12-17T00:06
at 2011-12-17T00:06
季芬財的消費者剩餘

By Barb Cronin
at 2011-12-16T23:14
at 2011-12-16T23:14
季芬財的消費者剩餘

By Margaret
at 2011-12-16T04:16
at 2011-12-16T04:16
福利經濟學

By Hazel
at 2011-12-15T16:16
at 2011-12-15T16:16
福利經濟學

By Noah
at 2011-12-15T16:07
at 2011-12-15T16:07