一題Varian的賽局問題 - 經濟

By Audriana
at 2009-12-31T14:46
at 2009-12-31T14:46
Table of Contents
在workout上面出的,答案給的很曖昧不明,想請教一下各位的看法
有A,B兩人共處一房間,他們藉由打掃或是不打掃而有以下的賽局
B
打掃 不打掃
打掃 (5,5) (2,6)
A
不打掃 (6,2) (3,3)
假設有著第二階段;兩人可藉著"吵架"來懲罰對方
吵架的規則如下(我用原文以免翻譯錯誤)
A and B are able to see whether the other has done any housecleaning.
After seeing what the other has done,each has the option of starting a quarrel
A quarrel hurts both of them by reducing the day's payoff by 2
regardless of who started it.
1.假設A和B都相信對方會盡力以滿足自己償付極大,請問他們認為對方會吵架嗎?
在最大化自己的效用下,雙方第一階段的結果是?
Ans:我的思考脈絡是
對A而言他一打掃,B如果想偷懶不打掃A就可以用吵架,逼B非打掃不可,此時A的償付最大
如果A選擇不打掃,B想偷懶不打掃一樣用吵架讓他償付更低,逼B打擾使A償付極大
而B也用同樣方法思考使得第二階段均衡在兩方都打掃
所以吵架是一定會的。
而第一階段不論吵架的話,兩方都不打掃是優勢策略
2.假設兩人無法控制情緒,對方沒掃就一定吵,賽局變成
B
打掃 不打掃
打掃 (5,5) (0,4)
A
不打掃 (4,0) (1,1)
explain how it could happen that A and B would both be better if both
are easy to anger than if they are rational about when to get angry,but
it might also happen that they would both be worse off?
Ans:此時有兩個NASH均衡(5,5)(1,1)
但是題目意思我不太懂,是比較兩種賽局的優劣以及造成的原因嗎
當兩人都理性時,(3,3)會比(1,1)好
然而不理性下有可能達到(5,5)就比理性好
可是我不曉得怎麼解釋兩個NASH均衡的原因以及它們之間的差異...
-------------
這題讓我理解為什麼耐許會得精神病看到幻影了
--
有A,B兩人共處一房間,他們藉由打掃或是不打掃而有以下的賽局
B
打掃 不打掃
打掃 (5,5) (2,6)
A
不打掃 (6,2) (3,3)
假設有著第二階段;兩人可藉著"吵架"來懲罰對方
吵架的規則如下(我用原文以免翻譯錯誤)
A and B are able to see whether the other has done any housecleaning.
After seeing what the other has done,each has the option of starting a quarrel
A quarrel hurts both of them by reducing the day's payoff by 2
regardless of who started it.
1.假設A和B都相信對方會盡力以滿足自己償付極大,請問他們認為對方會吵架嗎?
在最大化自己的效用下,雙方第一階段的結果是?
Ans:我的思考脈絡是
對A而言他一打掃,B如果想偷懶不打掃A就可以用吵架,逼B非打掃不可,此時A的償付最大
如果A選擇不打掃,B想偷懶不打掃一樣用吵架讓他償付更低,逼B打擾使A償付極大
而B也用同樣方法思考使得第二階段均衡在兩方都打掃
所以吵架是一定會的。
而第一階段不論吵架的話,兩方都不打掃是優勢策略
2.假設兩人無法控制情緒,對方沒掃就一定吵,賽局變成
B
打掃 不打掃
打掃 (5,5) (0,4)
A
不打掃 (4,0) (1,1)
explain how it could happen that A and B would both be better if both
are easy to anger than if they are rational about when to get angry,but
it might also happen that they would both be worse off?
Ans:此時有兩個NASH均衡(5,5)(1,1)
但是題目意思我不太懂,是比較兩種賽局的優劣以及造成的原因嗎
當兩人都理性時,(3,3)會比(1,1)好
然而不理性下有可能達到(5,5)就比理性好
可是我不曉得怎麼解釋兩個NASH均衡的原因以及它們之間的差異...
-------------
這題讓我理解為什麼耐許會得精神病看到幻影了
--
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By Steve
at 2010-01-04T09:48
at 2010-01-04T09:48
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