關於策略經理人的部位規模 - 財經

By Agnes
at 2012-12-18T02:39
at 2012-12-18T02:39
Table of Contents
PZ當初最主要的發明目的 就只是要讓你"回測能夠正確"
公式如下 contracts = equity*W%/Risk
那個Risk絕對不是代表你輸錢的機會 絕對不是 所以 也不會是跟勝算有關係
它代表的就是波動度 當然有研究的也會知道 Risk大的時候 賺賠的機會都更大
這個公式的經濟意義非常簡單直覺-
1.波動大的配置小 2.波動小的配置大
但重點來了 他的Risk都是歷史樣本 並不具有未來估計的意義 因為 不需要做估計
他的目的 主要說明 分為以下兩種情境:
1.多商品風險平衡
書上講的 很多都是用現貨來比喻
更多的範例是股票 股票的標的千百個
他會用這樣的方式就是 當你分配資金的時候 可以平衡風險
假設A股是飆股 B股是死魚股 每股都是10元
如果你兩邊各買相同數量 那這樣 你的資金波動 基本上是被A股牽著鼻子走
因此 用個除法 分母帶入波動度 會得出相對的部位規模
得出的結果會告訴你A股配少一點 B股配多一點 會比較值得參考
因此W的參數他不需要明確定義 並不是很重要
他要的是兩個股票配置的比例結果 這樣就夠了
2.不同時段區塊風險平衡 這跟我們在做單策略單市場比較有關係
書中很多例子 回測的時間也很長 甚至幾十年 好幾個經濟循環
我舉個例子 台股在三千點的時候 跟破萬點的時候 波動是不會一樣的
我們會知道
正常狀況下 台股在破萬點的時候 隨便漲跌都數百點
但在3000點時 有百點就很大了
假設你回測都用一口 這樣測起來 很容易被破萬點的那段行情牽著鼻子走
因此PZ可以幫你平衡 在萬點的時候波動大 配少點 在兩三千點波動小 配多點
這樣 你回測的報表 會比較可以相信 會比較貼近現實 更能減少回測最佳化
所以 PZ是相對的 你一定要拿一個東西去互相比較
譬如A商品跟B商品 又或者A時段與B時段
這樣比較 可以得出 我回測時部位比例給多少才會正確
既然知道他是相對的部位比例
就跟你算出來的有沒有爆倉沒關係 他不需要考慮你爆倉的問題
譬如你算出來是去年100口 今年150口 但你實際上沒那麼多錢
那等比例縮小就好 就改成 去年10口 今年15口 這時 調配本金跟W的關係就能達成
如此 報告完畢 請不要再有誤會加了PZ策略就會醍醐灌頂了Orz
我在cocoin看到有人提到加了PZ我的權益曲線會愈拉愈直 我真的很無言......
--
公式如下 contracts = equity*W%/Risk
那個Risk絕對不是代表你輸錢的機會 絕對不是 所以 也不會是跟勝算有關係
它代表的就是波動度 當然有研究的也會知道 Risk大的時候 賺賠的機會都更大
這個公式的經濟意義非常簡單直覺-
1.波動大的配置小 2.波動小的配置大
但重點來了 他的Risk都是歷史樣本 並不具有未來估計的意義 因為 不需要做估計
他的目的 主要說明 分為以下兩種情境:
1.多商品風險平衡
書上講的 很多都是用現貨來比喻
更多的範例是股票 股票的標的千百個
他會用這樣的方式就是 當你分配資金的時候 可以平衡風險
假設A股是飆股 B股是死魚股 每股都是10元
如果你兩邊各買相同數量 那這樣 你的資金波動 基本上是被A股牽著鼻子走
因此 用個除法 分母帶入波動度 會得出相對的部位規模
得出的結果會告訴你A股配少一點 B股配多一點 會比較值得參考
因此W的參數他不需要明確定義 並不是很重要
他要的是兩個股票配置的比例結果 這樣就夠了
2.不同時段區塊風險平衡 這跟我們在做單策略單市場比較有關係
書中很多例子 回測的時間也很長 甚至幾十年 好幾個經濟循環
我舉個例子 台股在三千點的時候 跟破萬點的時候 波動是不會一樣的
我們會知道
正常狀況下 台股在破萬點的時候 隨便漲跌都數百點
但在3000點時 有百點就很大了
假設你回測都用一口 這樣測起來 很容易被破萬點的那段行情牽著鼻子走
因此PZ可以幫你平衡 在萬點的時候波動大 配少點 在兩三千點波動小 配多點
這樣 你回測的報表 會比較可以相信 會比較貼近現實 更能減少回測最佳化
所以 PZ是相對的 你一定要拿一個東西去互相比較
譬如A商品跟B商品 又或者A時段與B時段
這樣比較 可以得出 我回測時部位比例給多少才會正確
既然知道他是相對的部位比例
就跟你算出來的有沒有爆倉沒關係 他不需要考慮你爆倉的問題
譬如你算出來是去年100口 今年150口 但你實際上沒那麼多錢
那等比例縮小就好 就改成 去年10口 今年15口 這時 調配本金跟W的關係就能達成
如此 報告完畢 請不要再有誤會加了PZ策略就會醍醐灌頂了Orz
我在cocoin看到有人提到加了PZ我的權益曲線會愈拉愈直 我真的很無言......
--
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