美國AI國安委員會示警:美半導體業 過度 - 股票
By Jack
at 2021-03-03T10:46
at 2021-03-03T10:46
Table of Contents
新聞來源:中時
網址
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.chinatimes.com/amp/newspapers/20210303000115-260202
美國AI國安委員會示警:美半導體業 過度依賴台灣
04:102021/03/03 工商時報 陳穎芃/綜合外電報導
美國人工智慧國安委員會(NSCAI)最新報告警告,美國過度依賴半導體進口,尤其是台灣,將使美國經濟、軍事戰略出現弱點,未來更難應付海外政府干預、天然災害或其他事件帶來的衝擊。
報告指出,美國至今雖在半導體研發及晶片設計領域維持全球領先地位,但隨著半導體產業日漸全球化,高階半導體製造重心已移往台灣及韓國。
台積電及三星電子如今幾乎包辦全球高階半導體代工製造,且台積電代工製造的安謀(ARM)晶片廣泛應用在行動裝置、伺服器及其他新興科技領域。
英特爾雖在晶片設計上保有競爭優勢,但近年製程升級進度逐漸被台積電及三星電子趕上,估計2022年前英特爾製造技術將比全球最新技術落後兩代。
委員會表示美國半導體業在製造、組裝、測試、包裝等重大環節都急需強化競爭力。委員會為此提出兩大目標,分別是維持美國高階半導體製造超前中國兩代技術,並確保美國國內有多處高階半導體製造廠房。
儘管美國半導體製造至今領先中國兩代技術,但近年已被台灣、韓國超前。在美國高度仰賴台灣半導體代工的情況下,美國國防能力及整體產業競爭力將被削弱。
為了達成上述兩大目標,人工智慧國安委員會提出四大建議:首先,美國國會應制訂全國性半導體策略,確保國務院、國防部、能源部、商務部及財政部相關政策目標一致,也能隨時因應大環境變動調整全國策略。
第二,美國政府應擴大減稅優惠,鼓勵更多業者在美國興建高階半導體製造廠房。目前美國對半導體廠房投資案提供的減稅優惠只為業者節省10%至15%的成本,反觀台灣、韓國、新加坡的減稅優惠能節省25%至30%成本。委員會建議國會立法擴大減稅優惠,讓業者節省40%成本。
第三,美國政府應擴大投資量子運算及神經形態運算等最新技術研發,保住美國在晶片設計的領導地位。第四,美國應聯合盟國實施先進半導體設備出口管制。
.....
台積都配合美國不給中國產能了,現在還擔心台積太強大,如果中國+GG美國一定嚇到漏尿
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