看不懂外資的操作 - 股票

Jacob avatar
By Jacob
at 2021-01-13T12:27

Table of Contents

放空大盤不一定是看空,也不一定是要賣股票對沖基金有種槓桿操作是200%做多、100%做
空,或是某種多空比例的部位。


這邊講一個概念,任何股票都會承擔系統性風險β(大盤風險),這是不可用分散來減少
的,只能用持有比例來降低系統性風險。例如持有股票佔總部位30%,就是承擔0.3倍的系
統性風險;槓桿持有200%,就必須承擔2倍系統性風險。


當你非常看好一些標的時,認為它未來長期會跑贏大盤,可以持有那些標的超過100%的部
位,可是又想規避超過100%的系統性風險,那就可以去對等做空你超過100%的部位。如此
一來你就可以用槓桿獲得更大的報酬,卻不用承擔更大的系統風險。


就簡單假設個股都買台積電好了(實際上一定是一籃子的股票,不可能單壓)

假設做多200%台積電、做空100%台指期那你績效就會是:1倍β+2倍個股溢酬

β就是大盤績效,以加權報酬指數來說過去一年大約是32%;那台積電的個股益酬約是75%
-32%= 43%,兩倍就是86%。最後整個投資組合報酬是118%,

可是最厲害的是,你承受的還是一倍的大盤風險喔(系統性風險),槓桿台積電多出來的
100%系統風險,被100%的台指空單對沖掉了。


有人提到外資會在賣股票的時候用期貨避險。但必須知道外資法人不是一個人,是一堆不
同的基金或投資公司,他們怎麼知道其他家要賣股票了?所以所謂的法人期貨避險,更多
時候是要對沖槓桿帶來的系統性風險。


做多200%做空100%的好處是,你可以獲得更大的個股益酬,卻不用承擔任何槓桿所造成更
大的系統性風險(β),而且大盤上漲時,會漲更多;系統風險發生下跌時,卻可以跌更少



對沖基金更高階的操作,會是用槓桿進行因子的多空對沖。在股市中已經發現上百種因子
,能長期能穩定跑贏大盤(這裡的長期通常是10年以上),知名因子如:價值因子、規模
因子、動能因子、獲利因子、投資因子......
那如果這些因子確定可以長期跑贏大盤,那有些追求穩健的對沖基金,就會去做多因子(
買入一籃子相關的股票)、放空同等部位的大盤。這樣可以不用承受「任何」系統性風險
,卻獲得因子的溢酬。


題外話,
可是喔,這10年價值因子跟規模因子吃屎了(在美國是這樣,全球沒有),今年更離譜,
價值因子的溢籌是-20幾%,所以做因子多空對沖的對沖基金通通吃屎


那散戶可以這樣做嗎?
不行,因為這種多空需要有非常便宜的槓桿利率,這些對沖基金要嘛可以拿到便宜的槓桿
,要嘛有些很神奇的方法可以拿到免費的槓桿。像是巴菲特就用保險公司的財務結構,取
得1.6倍的免錢槓桿。

你散戶開融資要6%,有些因子溢酬一年就2-3%,融資利率就比溢酬高了




--
Tags: 股票

All Comments

Elizabeth avatar
By Elizabeth
at 2021-01-17T04:54
推推
優文
Madame avatar
By Madame
at 2021-01-17T14:02
推一下
Sierra Rose avatar
By Sierra Rose
at 2021-01-19T23:07
專業推
Ula avatar
By Ula
at 2021-01-21T11:40
Ula avatar
By Ula
at 2021-01-24T19:14
跪著看完....
Joe avatar
By Joe
at 2021-01-24T20:53
優文
John avatar
By John
at 2021-01-25T03:49
優文
Tom avatar
By Tom
at 2021-01-28T06:15
多謝解惑
Andy avatar
By Andy
at 2021-01-30T11:25
受教了
Bethany avatar
By Bethany
at 2021-02-01T19:58
近期台股做多空都除非做台積 不然大概都被嘠爆了
William avatar
By William
at 2021-02-04T13:19
這篇正解 可是要有一定的學術常識才看得懂
Linda avatar
By Linda
at 2021-02-04T22:36
跟統計
Freda avatar
By Freda
at 2021-02-08T07:13
有關的論述很多錯誤
Necoo avatar
By Necoo
at 2021-02-09T23:39
而且通常都是long中小 short指數..
Robert avatar
By Robert
at 2021-02-14T01:23
U文推
Yuri avatar
By Yuri
at 2021-02-17T09:13
受教了 謝謝
Anthony avatar
By Anthony
at 2021-02-20T18:08
U文推 最近看一群水手發崩潰文有夠膩
Charlotte avatar
By Charlotte
at 2021-02-24T19:51
常常中小beta通常short的部位更多
Jacky avatar
By Jacky
at 2021-02-26T08:24
好專業 感謝分享
Joseph avatar
By Joseph
at 2021-02-27T00:51
推一下有知識的文
Quanna avatar
By Quanna
at 2021-03-02T08:43
姆咪咪咪
Ophelia avatar
By Ophelia
at 2021-03-06T22:43
Franklin avatar
By Franklin
at 2021-03-10T01:44
專業推
Adele avatar
By Adele
at 2021-03-14T23:36
推 有知識的文
Caitlin avatar
By Caitlin
at 2021-03-17T18:36
不對阿,台積或部分股票漲也有限,空大盤損失的點數
已超過,哪能規避
Genevieve avatar
By Genevieve
at 2021-03-19T05:11
受教了
Una avatar
By Una
at 2021-03-21T17:43
專業推 不過散戶其實不用懂這些 根本無法這樣操作
Eden avatar
By Eden
at 2021-03-26T04:14
看不懂給推
Queena avatar
By Queena
at 2021-03-30T14:09
好文
Hardy avatar
By Hardy
at 2021-04-04T05:40
u文
Iris avatar
By Iris
at 2021-04-06T03:20
這篇專業
Charlotte avatar
By Charlotte
at 2021-04-09T23:08
優質
Yedda avatar
By Yedda
at 2021-04-10T22:34
跪著看跪著看
Callum avatar
By Callum
at 2021-04-15T19:42
不會單壓啊,通常做一籃子高beta股票,再看要空多
少指數,但碰到大盤漲小股不漲就會被嘠
Audriana avatar
By Audriana
at 2021-04-16T17:12
長知識給推
Quintina avatar
By Quintina
at 2021-04-18T10:42
漲姿勢推
John avatar
By John
at 2021-04-22T07:35
Ingrid avatar
By Ingrid
at 2021-04-23T18:00
長知識
Victoria avatar
By Victoria
at 2021-04-24T04:11
之前一直想了解這個概念但看不懂,你講得超容易理
解的!
Christine avatar
By Christine
at 2021-04-26T17:40
股版回來了!
Hedwig avatar
By Hedwig
at 2021-04-30T22:37
有內容給推
Rosalind avatar
By Rosalind
at 2021-05-05T22:24
優文!
Aaliyah avatar
By Aaliyah
at 2021-05-10T09:12
U
Heather avatar
By Heather
at 2021-05-11T15:51
優質好文
Isla avatar
By Isla
at 2021-05-16T05:49
U
Robert avatar
By Robert
at 2021-05-18T10:02
跪舔
Frederic avatar
By Frederic
at 2021-05-23T05:32
讚喔
Donna avatar
By Donna
at 2021-05-25T06:56
這篇就投資組合入門,有興趣的可以去財經系選修兼
看妹。
Thomas avatar
By Thomas
at 2021-05-29T14:52
優文 請教一下75% 是哪裡來的 謝謝Y
Carol avatar
By Carol
at 2021-06-01T01:37
感謝分享
George avatar
By George
at 2021-06-02T08:05
有看懂 感謝教學
Susan avatar
By Susan
at 2021-06-07T05:09
漲姿勢
Rae avatar
By Rae
at 2021-06-10T21:21
推,寫得算很淺顯易懂了
Megan avatar
By Megan
at 2021-06-15T07:53
wow
Damian avatar
By Damian
at 2021-06-17T02:49
Quanna avatar
By Quanna
at 2021-06-18T04:24
推了,但看不懂,只覺得跟著趨勢走就好
Dinah avatar
By Dinah
at 2021-06-20T15:56
簡單來說就是加重壓個股 空大盤吧
Lucy avatar
By Lucy
at 2021-06-24T15:07
看不懂啦~~~可否弄成像財鼠兄弟那樣
Susan avatar
By Susan
at 2021-06-26T17:51
這麼一來 甚至大盤向下,損益還有可能是正的。前提
Genevieve avatar
By Genevieve
at 2021-06-27T21:30
當然是個股優於大盤
Jack avatar
By Jack
at 2021-07-01T23:23
好複雜
Oliver avatar
By Oliver
at 2021-07-02T15:09
優文
Charlotte avatar
By Charlotte
at 2021-07-07T04:58
太優質 長知識惹
Rae avatar
By Rae
at 2021-07-09T15:38
Bennie avatar
By Bennie
at 2021-07-10T16:36
優質文
Una avatar
By Una
at 2021-07-11T03:48
專業推
Jacky avatar
By Jacky
at 2021-07-12T06:23
Gary avatar
By Gary
at 2021-07-12T23:16
跪著看完
Xanthe avatar
By Xanthe
at 2021-07-14T14:23
簡單就是說可以翻倍台積上漲的溢酬 以及削弱槓桿所
增加的一倍系統性風險
Michael avatar
By Michael
at 2021-07-18T22:12
認同看起來像避險部位 畢竟這波漲到外資也害怕
Kama avatar
By Kama
at 2021-07-20T13:32
Liam avatar
By Liam
at 2021-07-22T20:07
這個有專業
Elma avatar
By Elma
at 2021-07-24T17:25
難得有用的認真文
Victoria avatar
By Victoria
at 2021-07-26T08:13
Valerie avatar
By Valerie
at 2021-07-29T09:11
優文,好人推
Olga avatar
By Olga
at 2021-07-31T12:01
推推
Zora avatar
By Zora
at 2021-08-03T15:04
讚讚讚,優文推推
William avatar
By William
at 2021-08-07T11:00
優文
Adele avatar
By Adele
at 2021-08-08T23:46
Barb Cronin avatar
By Barb Cronin
at 2021-08-13T10:14
散戶也很多人空小台啦
結果就是空單被軋爆
這方法理論上可行但在現在這種大多頭的時候你要有夠
Kumar avatar
By Kumar
at 2021-08-14T06:52
多的資金去補空單
Blanche avatar
By Blanche
at 2021-08-15T12:18
專業推!
Lauren avatar
By Lauren
at 2021-08-18T17:47
Caitlin avatar
By Caitlin
at 2021-08-21T20:14
終於有回應比較接近現實操作的,一堆鄉民整天在亂推
Catherine avatar
By Catherine
at 2021-08-22T09:28
外資一定股期雙賺,好像推高成本都不用算一樣的天兵
Noah avatar
By Noah
at 2021-08-24T06:44
謝謝解惑
Edward Lewis avatar
By Edward Lewis
at 2021-08-29T04:01
推專業
Leila avatar
By Leila
at 2021-09-01T08:08
專業文
Hedy avatar
By Hedy
at 2021-09-04T02:43
散戶只要一招就是噢贏
Ethan avatar
By Ethan
at 2021-09-04T21:20
Lucy avatar
By Lucy
at 2021-09-08T05:37
專業推
Suhail Hany avatar
By Suhail Hany
at 2021-09-11T02:56
真的優文
Oliver avatar
By Oliver
at 2021-09-15T20:06
散戶如果把資金一半買GG一半買50反
長期下來理論上穩賺
賺不賠)
Heather avatar
By Heather
at 2021-09-17T18:46
因為GG的個股溢酬大於0
然後一半的反一把GG的大盤波動對沖掉了
(不過好像也不用這樣做……直接單壓GG長期基本也穩
Dorothy avatar
By Dorothy
at 2021-09-20T08:55
散戶資金小 沒必要用空單對沖風險啦
James avatar
By James
at 2021-09-20T12:27
這篇不M起來嗎
Hamiltion avatar
By Hamiltion
at 2021-09-21T14:14
居高思危(?)
Eartha avatar
By Eartha
at 2021-09-23T14:19
講解的好清楚,長知識了!
Ethan avatar
By Ethan
at 2021-09-25T06:33
有趣
Hedda avatar
By Hedda
at 2021-09-29T16:31
受教了
Delia avatar
By Delia
at 2021-09-29T21:39
推!
Franklin avatar
By Franklin
at 2021-10-02T01:11
專業
Hamiltion avatar
By Hamiltion
at 2021-10-06T05:25
謝謝 原來是這樣..台積買大盤跌..反而可以規避風險
Hamiltion avatar
By Hamiltion
at 2021-10-08T06:03
看不懂推~~XD
Agatha avatar
By Agatha
at 2021-10-09T02:53
11
Una avatar
By Una
at 2021-10-11T13:44
感謝分享
Jack avatar
By Jack
at 2021-10-15T04:33
Charlie avatar
By Charlie
at 2021-10-15T16:03
推推
Dinah avatar
By Dinah
at 2021-10-17T06:26
好像回到大學教室XD
Kyle avatar
By Kyle
at 2021-10-19T10:05
原來避險跟投資組合基本的概念大部分其實人不懂@@
Hedwig avatar
By Hedwig
at 2021-10-23T03:17
優質好文
Anonymous avatar
By Anonymous
at 2021-10-26T09:11
Mason avatar
By Mason
at 2021-10-29T02:56
推。優文
Oliver avatar
By Oliver
at 2021-10-31T15:29
優質
Doris avatar
By Doris
at 2021-11-03T22:45
專業推
Catherine avatar
By Catherine
at 2021-11-05T12:29
推! 很清楚的對沖概念
Olga avatar
By Olga
at 2021-11-07T17:31
有懶人包?
Mia avatar
By Mia
at 2021-11-08T02:13
Skylar DavisLinda avatar
By Skylar DavisLinda
at 2021-11-10T22:19
好文給推
Enid avatar
By Enid
at 2021-11-14T15:35
專業好文
Andy avatar
By Andy
at 2021-11-19T08:46
William avatar
By William
at 2021-11-22T21:56
感謝
Quanna avatar
By Quanna
at 2021-11-25T07:31
專業推 股板需要更多這樣的文章
Caroline avatar
By Caroline
at 2021-11-27T04:41
Gary avatar
By Gary
at 2021-11-30T20:28
嗯嗯,沒錯就是這樣!樓下聽懂沒?
Lily avatar
By Lily
at 2021-12-03T00:26
Bennie avatar
By Bennie
at 2021-12-07T03:48
真的要操作買50反不是還會有槓桿損耗嗎?
Kyle avatar
By Kyle
at 2021-12-11T18:47
那如果是用房貸增加資金槓桿
直接投入大盤或是
買台積配空單
哪一個會是比較好的策略呢
Kristin avatar
By Kristin
at 2021-12-12T18:24
超優
Iris avatar
By Iris
at 2021-12-17T11:08
散戶不用想啦,光是做空的資金成本,就吃掉台積電
Hazel avatar
By Hazel
at 2021-12-20T17:52
的配息%
Irma avatar
By Irma
at 2021-12-21T07:32
人家做空資金近零成本,只要承擔做空虧損的差額
Kristin avatar
By Kristin
at 2021-12-24T01:42
https://reurl.cc/Dv9YeE ,事實。
Catherine avatar
By Catherine
at 2021-12-28T03:25
https://reurl.cc/bz5egE
Yedda avatar
By Yedda
at 2021-12-30T08:38
諾貝爾獎玩風險的能手,結局。
Quintina avatar
By Quintina
at 2021-12-31T07:17
Regina avatar
By Regina
at 2022-01-01T23:02
Ingrid avatar
By Ingrid
at 2022-01-03T23:21
推優文
Heather avatar
By Heather
at 2022-01-08T00:01
推推 內文和清流君的講的好像
Olive avatar
By Olive
at 2022-01-08T23:13
推你,長知識
Frederic avatar
By Frederic
at 2022-01-13T09:24
厲害
Poppy avatar
By Poppy
at 2022-01-17T19:02
專業文推推
George avatar
By George
at 2022-01-22T17:08
感謝大大回XD 目前還是先以現有資金來玩好惹
Sandy avatar
By Sandy
at 2022-01-26T15:31
Ina avatar
By Ina
at 2022-01-29T22:52
推,優文
Ivy avatar
By Ivy
at 2022-02-03T09:17
Michael avatar
By Michael
at 2022-02-04T08:38
就是賺APLPHA的錢
Rebecca avatar
By Rebecca
at 2022-02-06T10:47
Caitlin avatar
By Caitlin
at 2022-02-08T09:28
Brianna avatar
By Brianna
at 2022-02-09T04:58
Jacky avatar
By Jacky
at 2022-02-12T09:33
先推 不然人家說我看不懂
George avatar
By George
at 2022-02-13T23:01
之前有修過投資學,你講得比我老師淺寫易懂
Tom avatar
By Tom
at 2022-02-16T07:20
股版就是要多點這種文,推爆
Dorothy avatar
By Dorothy
at 2022-02-16T22:03
優文
Gilbert avatar
By Gilbert
at 2022-02-18T19:55
推 感謝
Sandy avatar
By Sandy
at 2022-02-22T10:57
推 上了一課 謝謝

慎選操作,相信自已的信念

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By Caroline
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at 2021-01-13T12:12
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