瑞儀與背光模組同業 營業外損益比較 - 股票
By Susan
at 2007-10-02T22:47
at 2007-10-02T22:47
Table of Contents
零、提要
此篇重點在背光模組族群上的轉投資分析上!
在我所寫的文章會針對財報不同部份舉例加以解析
故想做財務面分析,可參考之前的文章。
一、前言:
在TFT-LCD產業鏈中背光族群族群有一特色:
大陸轉投資事業占合併報表的比例很高
因為背光模組是TFT-LCD產業中,人力成本偏重的子族群,在後段lcm模組
廠西進的趨勢下,背光模組廠商也為了追隨客戶和降低成本的趨勢下,在
各個聚落也投下鉅資建立產能,現在各家背光模組廠商在大陸產能幾乎都
比在台灣產能還高,擴充重點都在大陸,在台產能幾乎都停滯不前,也造
成損益表中權益法認列之投資損益比例很大,資產負債表中採權益法之長
期股權投資比重也很高。故若要作財務報表分析,需要採用合併報表較能
看出真正績效,且分析時要注意會計扭曲以免分析時有所偏差。
註:因為並不是短期要買進的標的
故基本面細節如資本比率 營業槓桿 流動比率 速動比率 季盈餘品質分析
等在公開資料能自行查詢的並不在本篇多談
二、舉例公司間比較:
下列數據能提供一個概觀,看出轉投資對整個公司的影響程度
資產負債表採權益法之長期股權投資佔公司資產比例 (96Q2) 單位%
中光電 瑞儀 輔祥
30.22% 39.36% 30.82%
損益表中權益法認列之投資損益佔本期淨利比例 (96Q2) 單位%
中光電 瑞儀 輔祥
60.58% 89.89% 109.11%
p.s. 損益未做差異修正
小結:
輔祥比例高達109.11%這主要原因為營業外費用及損失高達1.72794億,其
中存貨跌價及呆滯損失為 1.05906億,佔營業外費用及損失佔61.29%,剩
餘主要為利息費用。
三、舉例公司差異說明:
1.中光電
國內最大背光模組廠,產品結構中2q合併營收中背光模組約佔75.74%,
投影機20.59%,其他display 產品3.35%。
以出貨量來看,中光電的TV與monitor背光模組為國內第一大,今年全球
市佔率預估約10%、19%,nb背光模組則居國內第二,今年全球市佔率預
估約13%,僅次於瑞儀的19%。
2.瑞儀
為國內第二大背光模組廠,其第一大地位因擴產較慢被中光電奪去,上
半年瑞儀的營收仍以監視器為主佔59%,nb佔25%市佔率為國內廠商第一,
tv10%,中小尺寸5%,客戶平均分布在世界面板大廠。
3.輔祥
為第三大廠,目前營收比重最大為tv背光模組,佔53%,其次為監視器模
組以及nb模組,佔39%及4%,營運績效較差,且較仰賴友達訂單。
四、進階研析:
因為就如前言中提到,背光模組廠的採權益法之長期股權投資比例很高,
且近年來營運動重心多放在大陸產能的擴充,有強烈的資金需求,而向銀
行融資,其發起者可能為母公司或由轉投資公司出面借款,因而使公司透
明度有所差異。
----------------------------------------------------------------
中強光電 (95Q2) 單位%
資產負債差異比較 非合併資產 合併資產
負債比例 43.94% 56.54%
----------------------------------------------------------------
瑞儀光電 (96Q2) 單位%
資產負債差異比較 非合併資產 合併資產
負債比例 25.28% 48.32%
----------------------------------------------------------------
輔祥實業 (96Q2) 單位%
資產負債差異比較 非合併資產 合併資產
負債比例 43.96% 56.86%
----------------------------------------------------------------
小結:
可發現合併資產的負債比例都大為上升,但若仔細比較會發現,瑞儀的負
在結構較為不同,其最大相異之處為在合併報表中,一年或一營業週期內
到期長期負債和長期借款合併餘額從 0.16億上升到20.37億,而利息費用
也從0.01億上升到1.09億(96Q2 此值未扣除短期借款利息);而中光電和
輔祥並無轉投資公司從事長期借款的融資行為,透明度相對較高。
下列為瑞儀借款資訊: (96Q2) 單位美金(千)
本金 利率(浮動)
瑞儀(蘇州)公司
美金11,250千元 5.26%
美金33,750千元 6.43%
瑞儀(南京)公司
美金15,000千元 6.43%
出處:96 年 第二季母子公司合併報表 p.15
故在分析時,要注意不同公司的理財策略,以免分析基礎錯誤!!!
合併損益表中存貨跌價及呆滯損失 (96H1)單位(億元)
中光電 瑞儀 輔祥
存貨跌價及呆滯損失 1.99 1.40 1.38
與損益表相較後增額 1.62 0.76 0.32
小結:
各家公司在合併報表中存貨跌價及呆滯損失都有所上升,若轉投資公司從
事生產者其增幅和所佔營收無過大差異,有所增加是正常的現象,但中光
電損失增加幅度 4.4倍,而營收增加0.82倍,比較異常,而有追蹤其差異
的價值。
五、總結:
在比較公司中中光電有從事背光模組生產和投影機製造研發,故若要要只
比較背光模組的營運獲利能力,要先排除投影機事業的影響,不然有失公
允。
背光模組的S在具有人力的學習曲線,良好訓練有經驗對良率有很大影響;
而W為面板廠壓縮背光零組件毛利,增加營運負擔,有虧損風險;O為NB用
LED光源的背光模組佔有率預計在2008年會大幅上升,新產品有利於產業領
先者提高獲利,但在這變化中,能獲得最大利益者應該還是LED產業;T為
大陸工資成本看升,而稅負變化對低毛利產業影響不小;且面板廠為降低
成本,自行投資或入股背光模組廠將會對獨立專業廠有威脅和壓縮其議價
空間。
補充:中強光電拿掉背光模組不談,在投影機方面的佈局也有不錯的競爭
能力,能降低單一產業上的營運風險,而對瑞儀子公司借款並無負
面評價,借錢擴廠,這是正常的營運需求。只是在分析財報上要多
加注意!
以上內文花費4HR以上,若沒人推就沒啥勁寫長文,也不用多費心力在此!
--
責任聲明:本內容僅供參考,投資需審慎考量本身之需求與投資風險,吾恕不負任何法律
責任,亦不作任何保證。內容數據取材於公開資訊觀測站,資料有誤請指正,並以公開資
訊觀測站為準,若資料內容有未盡完善之處,恕不負責。此外,非經本人同意,不得將本
篇內容加以複製或轉載。
--
此篇重點在背光模組族群上的轉投資分析上!
在我所寫的文章會針對財報不同部份舉例加以解析
故想做財務面分析,可參考之前的文章。
一、前言:
在TFT-LCD產業鏈中背光族群族群有一特色:
大陸轉投資事業占合併報表的比例很高
因為背光模組是TFT-LCD產業中,人力成本偏重的子族群,在後段lcm模組
廠西進的趨勢下,背光模組廠商也為了追隨客戶和降低成本的趨勢下,在
各個聚落也投下鉅資建立產能,現在各家背光模組廠商在大陸產能幾乎都
比在台灣產能還高,擴充重點都在大陸,在台產能幾乎都停滯不前,也造
成損益表中權益法認列之投資損益比例很大,資產負債表中採權益法之長
期股權投資比重也很高。故若要作財務報表分析,需要採用合併報表較能
看出真正績效,且分析時要注意會計扭曲以免分析時有所偏差。
註:因為並不是短期要買進的標的
故基本面細節如資本比率 營業槓桿 流動比率 速動比率 季盈餘品質分析
等在公開資料能自行查詢的並不在本篇多談
二、舉例公司間比較:
下列數據能提供一個概觀,看出轉投資對整個公司的影響程度
資產負債表採權益法之長期股權投資佔公司資產比例 (96Q2) 單位%
中光電 瑞儀 輔祥
30.22% 39.36% 30.82%
損益表中權益法認列之投資損益佔本期淨利比例 (96Q2) 單位%
中光電 瑞儀 輔祥
60.58% 89.89% 109.11%
p.s. 損益未做差異修正
小結:
輔祥比例高達109.11%這主要原因為營業外費用及損失高達1.72794億,其
中存貨跌價及呆滯損失為 1.05906億,佔營業外費用及損失佔61.29%,剩
餘主要為利息費用。
三、舉例公司差異說明:
1.中光電
國內最大背光模組廠,產品結構中2q合併營收中背光模組約佔75.74%,
投影機20.59%,其他display 產品3.35%。
以出貨量來看,中光電的TV與monitor背光模組為國內第一大,今年全球
市佔率預估約10%、19%,nb背光模組則居國內第二,今年全球市佔率預
估約13%,僅次於瑞儀的19%。
2.瑞儀
為國內第二大背光模組廠,其第一大地位因擴產較慢被中光電奪去,上
半年瑞儀的營收仍以監視器為主佔59%,nb佔25%市佔率為國內廠商第一,
tv10%,中小尺寸5%,客戶平均分布在世界面板大廠。
3.輔祥
為第三大廠,目前營收比重最大為tv背光模組,佔53%,其次為監視器模
組以及nb模組,佔39%及4%,營運績效較差,且較仰賴友達訂單。
四、進階研析:
因為就如前言中提到,背光模組廠的採權益法之長期股權投資比例很高,
且近年來營運動重心多放在大陸產能的擴充,有強烈的資金需求,而向銀
行融資,其發起者可能為母公司或由轉投資公司出面借款,因而使公司透
明度有所差異。
----------------------------------------------------------------
中強光電 (95Q2) 單位%
資產負債差異比較 非合併資產 合併資產
負債比例 43.94% 56.54%
----------------------------------------------------------------
瑞儀光電 (96Q2) 單位%
資產負債差異比較 非合併資產 合併資產
負債比例 25.28% 48.32%
----------------------------------------------------------------
輔祥實業 (96Q2) 單位%
資產負債差異比較 非合併資產 合併資產
負債比例 43.96% 56.86%
----------------------------------------------------------------
小結:
可發現合併資產的負債比例都大為上升,但若仔細比較會發現,瑞儀的負
在結構較為不同,其最大相異之處為在合併報表中,一年或一營業週期內
到期長期負債和長期借款合併餘額從 0.16億上升到20.37億,而利息費用
也從0.01億上升到1.09億(96Q2 此值未扣除短期借款利息);而中光電和
輔祥並無轉投資公司從事長期借款的融資行為,透明度相對較高。
下列為瑞儀借款資訊: (96Q2) 單位美金(千)
本金 利率(浮動)
瑞儀(蘇州)公司
美金11,250千元 5.26%
美金33,750千元 6.43%
瑞儀(南京)公司
美金15,000千元 6.43%
出處:96 年 第二季母子公司合併報表 p.15
故在分析時,要注意不同公司的理財策略,以免分析基礎錯誤!!!
合併損益表中存貨跌價及呆滯損失 (96H1)單位(億元)
中光電 瑞儀 輔祥
存貨跌價及呆滯損失 1.99 1.40 1.38
與損益表相較後增額 1.62 0.76 0.32
小結:
各家公司在合併報表中存貨跌價及呆滯損失都有所上升,若轉投資公司從
事生產者其增幅和所佔營收無過大差異,有所增加是正常的現象,但中光
電損失增加幅度 4.4倍,而營收增加0.82倍,比較異常,而有追蹤其差異
的價值。
五、總結:
在比較公司中中光電有從事背光模組生產和投影機製造研發,故若要要只
比較背光模組的營運獲利能力,要先排除投影機事業的影響,不然有失公
允。
背光模組的S在具有人力的學習曲線,良好訓練有經驗對良率有很大影響;
而W為面板廠壓縮背光零組件毛利,增加營運負擔,有虧損風險;O為NB用
LED光源的背光模組佔有率預計在2008年會大幅上升,新產品有利於產業領
先者提高獲利,但在這變化中,能獲得最大利益者應該還是LED產業;T為
大陸工資成本看升,而稅負變化對低毛利產業影響不小;且面板廠為降低
成本,自行投資或入股背光模組廠將會對獨立專業廠有威脅和壓縮其議價
空間。
補充:中強光電拿掉背光模組不談,在投影機方面的佈局也有不錯的競爭
能力,能降低單一產業上的營運風險,而對瑞儀子公司借款並無負
面評價,借錢擴廠,這是正常的營運需求。只是在分析財報上要多
加注意!
以上內文花費4HR以上,若沒人推就沒啥勁寫長文,也不用多費心力在此!
--
責任聲明:本內容僅供參考,投資需審慎考量本身之需求與投資風險,吾恕不負任何法律
責任,亦不作任何保證。內容數據取材於公開資訊觀測站,資料有誤請指正,並以公開資
訊觀測站為準,若資料內容有未盡完善之處,恕不負責。此外,非經本人同意,不得將本
篇內容加以複製或轉載。
--
Tags:
股票
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