台積電的看法回顧與展望 - 股票
By Daph Bay
at 2021-01-21T20:49
at 2021-01-21T20:49
Table of Contents
從2019年我在板上開始寫半導體相關分析也有一段時間了
在此回顧一下過去文章提及的看法
順便在Intel的ER前作一些現況的分析
#1TP3HdQZ
https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Stock/M.1566848103.A.6A3.html
格芯提告台積電侵權 要求美國禁止進口
在這篇文章中,提到半導體製造是戰略產業,第四次工業革命的基礎
因此是悠關國家命運的議題
這個當年看起來是很少人意識到的觀念,在今天已經相對普及了
不過目前主流輿論只到「GG對台灣非常重要」這點
還沒有進一步發現「台灣將是第四次工業革命的重要國家」
#1TasKDAM
https://www.ptt.cc/bbs/Stock/M.1569940749.A.296.html
Intel有沒有可能10nm以下給台積代工?
在一年半前的這篇文章中,提到
1. Intel在2023年推出的產品,會在GG 3nm的node下單
2. GG 3nm會用FinFet不會用GAA
3. Intel遲早要把fab切出來
前兩點應該是已實現了,第三點看法仍然不變
長期來看Intel需要一個轉型fab-lite甚至fabless的計劃
當然不是馬上完成,但花個5~10年是可能的
#1Tm7jGFU / #1U7n5mwO / #1Uk6uvnv
在後續的幾篇文章中,提到台積電的產能議題,進行中的多方博奕走向等等
比較意外的是美方態度的堅決,以及決策的速度很快
這可能和川普政府的決策風格有關
結果是華為一下子就出局了,台積電和美國政府談判設廠
從這段過程和結果,我意識到終端品牌商其實是很脆弱的
對於整條電子產業鍊的話語權,可以輕易被政策抹平
另外就是台灣的EMS供應鏈相當有彈性,很快就把華為事件的衝擊吸收掉了
中方出局之後,半導體談判要角就剩下美台雙方了
(日韓歐雖然也想加入,但籌碼太少)
果然很快美台就簽了經濟對話MOU,並且把半導體戰略合作擺在最優先項目
最後一篇也提到下一個值得觀察的點是2021Q1的Intel季報
後見之明來看也確實是這樣
最後再總結一下以前文章的論點,這些看法我從最開始到現在都是這樣認為:
半導體製造是戰略產業、第四次工業革命的基礎
現在很多英文智庫會用new oil這樣的名詞來形容
半導體產能是未來幾年地緣政治博奕的重點
台美的戰略競合又是其中關鍵
台積電在產業面已經獨霸,所有的風險都是出在政治層面
台積電/Intel/台灣政府/美國政府的四方博奕結果,會決定未來的前景
這兩年以來,美國政策和智庫從新自由主義轉向,特別是疫情之後更加速變化
因此我們分析問題時不能被過去的全球化意識型態所束縛住
現在美方關注半導體議題的智庫越來越多了
(其中90%的分析真的超業餘..)
最近車用晶片產能的問題也被放大討論
我認為四方比較合理的妥協點可能是
美國政府拿到一半的先進產能
台灣政府留住先進研發中心,同時從美方拿到某種安全承諾(例如核保護傘之類)
台積電拿到大量CHIPS的補貼建新廠或從Intel拿一筆錢,接收老廠老設備爛攤
Intel轉型fablite + 先進封裝
同時以某種合作協議確保未來都能從台積電拿到優先產能
當然博奕局勢隨時在變,各方也都是邊談判邊找尋新的共識
如果這難關能順利渡過,前途就是一片光明了
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