Walrasian budget set 的 Convexity 問題 - 經濟

By Tristan Cohan
at 2008-01-22T00:16
at 2008-01-22T00:16
Table of Contents
為了搞懂消費者效用函數的一階偏微分與主觀機率的關係,我重讀 Mas-Colell,
Whinston & Green 的 Microeconomic Theory (1995),結果在第二章談 consumer
choice 的地方發現了這個問題。
假設商品選擇的數目(注意:非個別商品的數量!)有限,僅存在 L 種商品,
可能的商品組合可以寫成:
Commodity vector:x = [x1, ..., xL]' belongs to LR+
(LR+ 即 R^L_+,如果你習慣 TeX 的表示法),
則消費組合可以寫作:
Consumption set:X = LR+ = {x belongs to LR: xl >= 0 for l = 1, ..., L}。
其中,LR+是一個 convex 集合,即當 x belongs to LR+、x' belongs to LR+,
x'' = alpha*x + (1-alpha)*x' belongs to LR+。
然後在 principle of completeness,即上述 L 種商品在市場以公開價格交易,
價格可以表示為:
Price vector:p = [p1, …, pL]' belongs to LR+;
以及 price-taking assumption之下,再假設消費者的財富為 w,所謂 Walrasian
budget set,是指個別消費者的預算限制為:
Walrasian budget set:B {p,w} = {x belongs to LR: p*x <= w}。
而 Walrasian budget set 也是 convex,MWG 是這樣寫的:
... the convexity of B {p,w} depends on the convexity of the consumption
set LR+. With a more general consumption set X, B {p,w} will be convex as
long as X is.
請問,為什麼在 X 為 convex 時,B {p,w} 也是 convex?
--
http://tonyy271828.spaces.live.com/
--
Whinston & Green 的 Microeconomic Theory (1995),結果在第二章談 consumer
choice 的地方發現了這個問題。
假設商品選擇的數目(注意:非個別商品的數量!)有限,僅存在 L 種商品,
可能的商品組合可以寫成:
Commodity vector:x = [x1, ..., xL]' belongs to LR+
(LR+ 即 R^L_+,如果你習慣 TeX 的表示法),
則消費組合可以寫作:
Consumption set:X = LR+ = {x belongs to LR: xl >= 0 for l = 1, ..., L}。
其中,LR+是一個 convex 集合,即當 x belongs to LR+、x' belongs to LR+,
x'' = alpha*x + (1-alpha)*x' belongs to LR+。
然後在 principle of completeness,即上述 L 種商品在市場以公開價格交易,
價格可以表示為:
Price vector:p = [p1, …, pL]' belongs to LR+;
以及 price-taking assumption之下,再假設消費者的財富為 w,所謂 Walrasian
budget set,是指個別消費者的預算限制為:
Walrasian budget set:B {p,w} = {x belongs to LR: p*x <= w}。
而 Walrasian budget set 也是 convex,MWG 是這樣寫的:
... the convexity of B {p,w} depends on the convexity of the consumption
set LR+. With a more general consumption set X, B {p,w} will be convex as
long as X is.
請問,為什麼在 X 為 convex 時,B {p,w} 也是 convex?
--
http://tonyy271828.spaces.live.com/
--
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