SOPA的嚴重性 - 專利

By Zora
at 2012-01-20T10:45
at 2012-01-20T10:45
Table of Contents
※ [本文轉錄自 Gossiping 看板 #1F5v-2mv ]
作者: evaandy (Belial) 看板: Gossiping
標題: [爆卦] SOPA的嚴重性
時間: Thu Jan 19 12:43:38 2012
文章的原址來自巴哈小屋
http://home.gamer.com.tw/creationDetail.php?sn=1511960
--
昨天,是一月十八號。
昨天,世界上發生了很多事情。
昨天,網路世界掀起了一場針對不公法案的怒吼與抗議。
昨天,可能有朋友發現,在上到英文版的維基時,會出現下面這樣的畫面。
http://0rz.tw/Lch15
另外,Google在美國的入口網站也會出現這樣的狀況:
http://0rz.tw/LVckt
很多人可能會覺得很奇怪,為什麼維基跟Google這兩個網路世界上的霸主會做出
這樣的舉動呢?這是因為他們都對美國國會即將審議的法案SOPA(Stop
Online Piracy Act)做出了最憤怒的無聲抗議。
很多人可能會覺得小弟標題下得很誇張,不過是美國的一個保護著作產權的法案
罷了,有甚麼好大驚小怪的。問題是,很多人可能無法理解,如果這個法案通過
的話,對全球網路世界會帶來多大的衝擊。
首先,先來介紹這個法案的來龍去脈好了。
SOPA這個法案的正式美國國會法案簡敘如下:
(摘自Opencongress.org網站)
This bill would establish a system for taking down websites that the
Justice Department determines to be dedicated to copyright
infringment. The DoJ or the copyright owner would be able to commence
a legal action against any site they deem to have "only limited
purpose or use other than infringement," and the DoJ would be allowed
to demand that search engines, social networking sites and domain
name services block access to the targeted site. It would also make
unauthorized web streaming of copyrighted content a felony with a
possible penalty up to five years in prison. This bill combines two
separate Senate bills -- S.968 and S.978 -- into one big House bill.
中文翻譯如下:
此法案意在建立一個由美國司法部領導,專注在關閉司法部裁定為有意圖盜用或
是違法使用版權物的網站的系統。美國司法部及版權物擁有者將可對任何司法部
裁定"意圖盜用或是違法使用版權物"的網站(頁)進行司法控訴與制
裁;另外,司法部將有權提供連結進入到這些網站(頁)的搜尋引擎與社群網站等要求
勒令關站並且停止連結到該網頁。另外,未經授權的網上播放或是傳播版權物的
行為將可以被起訴、罰款,並且被判最高五年牢獄的刑期。本法案合併參議院
S.968號與S.978號法案。
長話短說,這法案是由一位德州的參議員Lamar Smith所推薦,然後由很多好萊
屋和影音版權物公司所贊助的法案。表面上,這個法案的立意的確是正面的,畢
竟保護著作權這件事情並不是件壞事。問題是,這個法案在內容上,有超級嚴重
的瑕疵。
一、此法案的執行過程違反程序正義:
傳統程序來說,美國與很多其他國家的法律系統,走的是無罪判定原則。也就是
說被告在被證明有罪前,都是清白的。控告方如果要處罰被告方,控告方必須提
出證據來證明被告方有罪。問題是,要是SOPA通過的話,美國司法部經可以
在未經任何實證與審判的狀況下,單純就司法部片面的判斷,就勒令任何使用到
版權物的網站關閉。更好笑的是,SOPA法案要求被控訴的人要提出證據來證
明自己的清白跟說明網站並沒有營利用途等等的狀況,簡單說就是把證明罪刑的
責任反轉移到被告人身上了。這種嚴重強姦法律系統與程序正義的做法,是絕對
不合理的。試想政府不過是懷疑你有犯罪,就直接把你關起來,然後你必須跟政
府證明你無罪。這種根本就是極權政府式的做法一點都不合理也不合人權。
二、此法案所影響到層面將會遍佈全球:
因為SOPA法案所管理的層面,不僅僅只是個人網站(頁)會受到影響,連帶
所有連結到該網站(頁)的搜尋引擎跟網路社群平台通通都會被迫停止營運。這
些社群網站跟搜尋引擎更會被連坐受罰。簡單說,網站如臉書、Google跟
Youtube等等,都有可能因為被牽連進任何一件版權物紛爭而被迫關閉到整件案
件了結為止。想像有版權物公司看到巴哈姆特小屋裡的使用者因為未經該公司授
權而進行取締跟告發,導致連整個巴哈姆特都連帶被罰並關閉,合理嗎?網站像
巴哈或者是Youtube不過就是提供讓使用者發揮自我創意的平台;當使用者本身
有盡到告知使用的版權物的來源等責任後,不管是巴哈或是使用者本身都應該有
權進行自由創作。小屋玩家們跟網路創作者們不管是KUSO或是自行創作,都
應該有一定受言論自由權保護的權力。而SOPA,則會嚴重影響到人人網路上
創作語言論的自由。
實質上來說,SOPA法案支持跟反對的陣營可以稱做是"好萊屋跟矽谷的戰
爭"。重視言論自由與提供個人發揮自我言論的網站公司如Facebook跟
Google明顯
地就是反對SOPA的陣營;這幾家公司都位在美國加州的矽谷。而支持SOP
A的影音版權公司像是SONY跟環球電影等等則是好萊屋跟媒體界的龍頭老大
們。
小弟希望大家在看完上面的簡介後,可以多少理解SOPA的問題跟嚴重性;因
為如果SOPA一通過的話,大家天天使用、習以為常的臉書、Google、
Wikipedia、Youtube等等網站通通都會受到影響甚至是關閉。小屋使用者要是有
不小心連結到Youtube的影片的話甚至有被牽連的可能性!所以希望大家能夠告
訴大家,讓越多的人反對SOPA,好保護全球各地的網路使用者的權利!!
--
簡單的說一下這鬼東西的嚴重性
假如米國papa通過這東西後進而要台灣照做,那只要有任何人在PTT貼了疑似版權物
那PTT站方就會被起公訴,並要自己證明自己是清白的,而不是由原告方舉證。
--
閃開!讓專業的來!!
︿ + ︿
<◎> (OwO) <◎>
﹀╲/( )\╱﹀
[致命鬥士懲戒錘] / \ [致命鬥士碎骨錘]
[它略] 感謝scottic賜圖
--
作者: evaandy (Belial) 看板: Gossiping
標題: [爆卦] SOPA的嚴重性
時間: Thu Jan 19 12:43:38 2012
文章的原址來自巴哈小屋
http://home.gamer.com.tw/creationDetail.php?sn=1511960
--
昨天,是一月十八號。
昨天,世界上發生了很多事情。
昨天,網路世界掀起了一場針對不公法案的怒吼與抗議。
昨天,可能有朋友發現,在上到英文版的維基時,會出現下面這樣的畫面。
http://0rz.tw/Lch15
另外,Google在美國的入口網站也會出現這樣的狀況:
http://0rz.tw/LVckt
很多人可能會覺得很奇怪,為什麼維基跟Google這兩個網路世界上的霸主會做出
這樣的舉動呢?這是因為他們都對美國國會即將審議的法案SOPA(Stop
Online Piracy Act)做出了最憤怒的無聲抗議。
很多人可能會覺得小弟標題下得很誇張,不過是美國的一個保護著作產權的法案
罷了,有甚麼好大驚小怪的。問題是,很多人可能無法理解,如果這個法案通過
的話,對全球網路世界會帶來多大的衝擊。
首先,先來介紹這個法案的來龍去脈好了。
SOPA這個法案的正式美國國會法案簡敘如下:
(摘自Opencongress.org網站)
This bill would establish a system for taking down websites that the
Justice Department determines to be dedicated to copyright
infringment. The DoJ or the copyright owner would be able to commence
a legal action against any site they deem to have "only limited
purpose or use other than infringement," and the DoJ would be allowed
to demand that search engines, social networking sites and domain
name services block access to the targeted site. It would also make
unauthorized web streaming of copyrighted content a felony with a
possible penalty up to five years in prison. This bill combines two
separate Senate bills -- S.968 and S.978 -- into one big House bill.
中文翻譯如下:
此法案意在建立一個由美國司法部領導,專注在關閉司法部裁定為有意圖盜用或
是違法使用版權物的網站的系統。美國司法部及版權物擁有者將可對任何司法部
裁定"意圖盜用或是違法使用版權物"的網站(頁)進行司法控訴與制
裁;另外,司法部將有權提供連結進入到這些網站(頁)的搜尋引擎與社群網站等要求
勒令關站並且停止連結到該網頁。另外,未經授權的網上播放或是傳播版權物的
行為將可以被起訴、罰款,並且被判最高五年牢獄的刑期。本法案合併參議院
S.968號與S.978號法案。
長話短說,這法案是由一位德州的參議員Lamar Smith所推薦,然後由很多好萊
屋和影音版權物公司所贊助的法案。表面上,這個法案的立意的確是正面的,畢
竟保護著作權這件事情並不是件壞事。問題是,這個法案在內容上,有超級嚴重
的瑕疵。
一、此法案的執行過程違反程序正義:
傳統程序來說,美國與很多其他國家的法律系統,走的是無罪判定原則。也就是
說被告在被證明有罪前,都是清白的。控告方如果要處罰被告方,控告方必須提
出證據來證明被告方有罪。問題是,要是SOPA通過的話,美國司法部經可以
在未經任何實證與審判的狀況下,單純就司法部片面的判斷,就勒令任何使用到
版權物的網站關閉。更好笑的是,SOPA法案要求被控訴的人要提出證據來證
明自己的清白跟說明網站並沒有營利用途等等的狀況,簡單說就是把證明罪刑的
責任反轉移到被告人身上了。這種嚴重強姦法律系統與程序正義的做法,是絕對
不合理的。試想政府不過是懷疑你有犯罪,就直接把你關起來,然後你必須跟政
府證明你無罪。這種根本就是極權政府式的做法一點都不合理也不合人權。
二、此法案所影響到層面將會遍佈全球:
因為SOPA法案所管理的層面,不僅僅只是個人網站(頁)會受到影響,連帶
所有連結到該網站(頁)的搜尋引擎跟網路社群平台通通都會被迫停止營運。這
些社群網站跟搜尋引擎更會被連坐受罰。簡單說,網站如臉書、Google跟
Youtube等等,都有可能因為被牽連進任何一件版權物紛爭而被迫關閉到整件案
件了結為止。想像有版權物公司看到巴哈姆特小屋裡的使用者因為未經該公司授
權而進行取締跟告發,導致連整個巴哈姆特都連帶被罰並關閉,合理嗎?網站像
巴哈或者是Youtube不過就是提供讓使用者發揮自我創意的平台;當使用者本身
有盡到告知使用的版權物的來源等責任後,不管是巴哈或是使用者本身都應該有
權進行自由創作。小屋玩家們跟網路創作者們不管是KUSO或是自行創作,都
應該有一定受言論自由權保護的權力。而SOPA,則會嚴重影響到人人網路上
創作語言論的自由。
實質上來說,SOPA法案支持跟反對的陣營可以稱做是"好萊屋跟矽谷的戰
爭"。重視言論自由與提供個人發揮自我言論的網站公司如Facebook跟
Google明顯
地就是反對SOPA的陣營;這幾家公司都位在美國加州的矽谷。而支持SOP
A的影音版權公司像是SONY跟環球電影等等則是好萊屋跟媒體界的龍頭老大
們。
小弟希望大家在看完上面的簡介後,可以多少理解SOPA的問題跟嚴重性;因
為如果SOPA一通過的話,大家天天使用、習以為常的臉書、Google、
Wikipedia、Youtube等等網站通通都會受到影響甚至是關閉。小屋使用者要是有
不小心連結到Youtube的影片的話甚至有被牽連的可能性!所以希望大家能夠告
訴大家,讓越多的人反對SOPA,好保護全球各地的網路使用者的權利!!
--
簡單的說一下這鬼東西的嚴重性
假如米國papa通過這東西後進而要台灣照做,那只要有任何人在PTT貼了疑似版權物
那PTT站方就會被起公訴,並要自己證明自己是清白的,而不是由原告方舉證。
--
閃開!讓專業的來!!
︿ + ︿
<◎> (OwO) <◎>
﹀╲/( )\╱﹀
[致命鬥士懲戒錘] / \ [致命鬥士碎骨錘]
[它略] 感謝scottic賜圖
--
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