退休金地雷 恐引發新國安問題 - 股票
By Faithe
at 2020-05-18T13:51
at 2020-05-18T13:51
Table of Contents
1.原文連結:
https://reurl.cc/E7QE0R
2.原文內容:
2020-05-17 23:11經濟日報 記者陳素玲/專題報導
勞保基金是國人退休後重要收入來源,卻面臨2026年破產危機,如何改革相關制度成為歷
任執政者的難題,也是蔡總統第二任期首要任務。本報特製作「拆解退休金炸彈」專題,
除剖析各國做法,也邀集各界專家獻策,盼助改革一臂之力。
建興今年55歲,距離退休年齡已經不遠,最近兩夫妻終於還清房貸,存款100多萬元,女
兒還在唸大學,未來這筆存款將做為女兒到國外進修經費。至於夫妻倆未來退休規劃,建
興說,他跟老婆都有勞保、勞退,勞保部分大約各自都可月領1.8萬元,勞退因為2005年
才上路,兩人勞退帳戶金額都不多。
將退休經濟來源全部賭在勞保,萬一勞保破產怎麼辦?建興倒是很有信心,他說,相信政
府不會讓勞保破產,「如果破產,慘的不是只有我們一家」。
純英則是近60歲,房貸還未償還,先生工作也不穩,兩個孩子大學快畢業,家庭幾乎零存
款,純英對於退休完全不敢想像。純英說,還好自己勞保年資已經快30年,還有十幾年勞
退新制帳戶,退休就靠這個了。不過,先生就沒她幸運,她說,先生一直工作不順利,勞
保年資只有11年,勞退新制也只有數年,「未來搞不好只能靠我的退休金過活」。
根據勞動部2018年針對4,000名勞工進行的「勞工生活及就業狀況調查」結果發現,在可
複選情況下,勞工對自己退休金準備三大來源,依序是「自己儲蓄」75.2%、「勞保老年
給付」43.5%及「新制勞工退休金」57.2%,其中,年紀愈大,自己儲蓄比重愈來愈低,仰
賴勞保與勞退則愈來愈高。若是55-64歲,自己儲蓄60.4%,勞保老年給付提高到63.3%,
新制勞退金44.4%。
整體勞工退休生活費用來源為子女奉養只有5.1%,即使是55-64歲高齡者,由子女供應的
比率也只有8.7%,可見國人退休已不再是養兒防老,而是寄託於國家退休制度。
台大國發所教授辛炳隆說,不但民間調查顯示國人退休嚴重準備不足,即使是官方調查,
無論從主計總處或勞動部調查都發現,高齡者老年經濟安全的看法,對社會保險給付的期
待與仰賴程度日深。他說,尤其是所得愈低,因為沒有積蓄,多數只能寄望勞保、勞退退
休金。
根據世界銀行等全球機構建議,退休金準備至少要維持退休前所得約六成,才能維持生活
品質。然而,國人退休準備依賴甚深的勞保制度,卻在六年後就要破產。
勞保基金每三年精算一次,勞動部去年初公布2018年的勞保基金財務精算報告顯示,勞保
基金已於2018年支出大於收入,將於2026年破產,也就是說,勞保基金只剩六年大限。
「勞保破產問題從2012年被揭露到現在,至今沒有任何動靜,如果太晚做,或不做任何事
,2026年破產是一定會發生的事。」去年7月才退休的勞保局局長石發基,公務生涯40年
都負責勞保業務的他,對勞保提出諸多建言,「勞保問題不盡快處理不行,這是很多勞工
唯一的棺材本」。
辛炳隆說,如果多數國人不把自存退休金當做自己責任,退休生活重押在勞保與勞退,則
勞保破產問題的嚴重性將遠大於各界的評估,一旦信心崩盤,會導致破產時間也會提早;
「但不幸的是,大家依賴愈來愈深,勞保年金改革卻可能給付愈來愈少,政府如果不好好
面對勞保財務問題,將出現國安危機」。
3.心得/評論:
國安基金是四大基金(勞保、勞退、退撫、郵儲)組成,
要是勞保破產,國安基金就少一金了,
變成跛腳馬車。
--
如果還有來世,我想當一個獸人
--
https://reurl.cc/E7QE0R
2.原文內容:
2020-05-17 23:11經濟日報 記者陳素玲/專題報導
勞保基金是國人退休後重要收入來源,卻面臨2026年破產危機,如何改革相關制度成為歷
任執政者的難題,也是蔡總統第二任期首要任務。本報特製作「拆解退休金炸彈」專題,
除剖析各國做法,也邀集各界專家獻策,盼助改革一臂之力。
建興今年55歲,距離退休年齡已經不遠,最近兩夫妻終於還清房貸,存款100多萬元,女
兒還在唸大學,未來這筆存款將做為女兒到國外進修經費。至於夫妻倆未來退休規劃,建
興說,他跟老婆都有勞保、勞退,勞保部分大約各自都可月領1.8萬元,勞退因為2005年
才上路,兩人勞退帳戶金額都不多。
將退休經濟來源全部賭在勞保,萬一勞保破產怎麼辦?建興倒是很有信心,他說,相信政
府不會讓勞保破產,「如果破產,慘的不是只有我們一家」。
純英則是近60歲,房貸還未償還,先生工作也不穩,兩個孩子大學快畢業,家庭幾乎零存
款,純英對於退休完全不敢想像。純英說,還好自己勞保年資已經快30年,還有十幾年勞
退新制帳戶,退休就靠這個了。不過,先生就沒她幸運,她說,先生一直工作不順利,勞
保年資只有11年,勞退新制也只有數年,「未來搞不好只能靠我的退休金過活」。
根據勞動部2018年針對4,000名勞工進行的「勞工生活及就業狀況調查」結果發現,在可
複選情況下,勞工對自己退休金準備三大來源,依序是「自己儲蓄」75.2%、「勞保老年
給付」43.5%及「新制勞工退休金」57.2%,其中,年紀愈大,自己儲蓄比重愈來愈低,仰
賴勞保與勞退則愈來愈高。若是55-64歲,自己儲蓄60.4%,勞保老年給付提高到63.3%,
新制勞退金44.4%。
整體勞工退休生活費用來源為子女奉養只有5.1%,即使是55-64歲高齡者,由子女供應的
比率也只有8.7%,可見國人退休已不再是養兒防老,而是寄託於國家退休制度。
台大國發所教授辛炳隆說,不但民間調查顯示國人退休嚴重準備不足,即使是官方調查,
無論從主計總處或勞動部調查都發現,高齡者老年經濟安全的看法,對社會保險給付的期
待與仰賴程度日深。他說,尤其是所得愈低,因為沒有積蓄,多數只能寄望勞保、勞退退
休金。
根據世界銀行等全球機構建議,退休金準備至少要維持退休前所得約六成,才能維持生活
品質。然而,國人退休準備依賴甚深的勞保制度,卻在六年後就要破產。
勞保基金每三年精算一次,勞動部去年初公布2018年的勞保基金財務精算報告顯示,勞保
基金已於2018年支出大於收入,將於2026年破產,也就是說,勞保基金只剩六年大限。
「勞保破產問題從2012年被揭露到現在,至今沒有任何動靜,如果太晚做,或不做任何事
,2026年破產是一定會發生的事。」去年7月才退休的勞保局局長石發基,公務生涯40年
都負責勞保業務的他,對勞保提出諸多建言,「勞保問題不盡快處理不行,這是很多勞工
唯一的棺材本」。
辛炳隆說,如果多數國人不把自存退休金當做自己責任,退休生活重押在勞保與勞退,則
勞保破產問題的嚴重性將遠大於各界的評估,一旦信心崩盤,會導致破產時間也會提早;
「但不幸的是,大家依賴愈來愈深,勞保年金改革卻可能給付愈來愈少,政府如果不好好
面對勞保財務問題,將出現國安危機」。
3.心得/評論:
國安基金是四大基金(勞保、勞退、退撫、郵儲)組成,
要是勞保破產,國安基金就少一金了,
變成跛腳馬車。
--
如果還有來世,我想當一個獸人
--
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