越南今年GDP可望首度超越新加坡 拚全球 - 股票
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By Edward Lewis
at 2020-10-21T21:19
at 2020-10-21T21:19
Table of Contents
1.原文連結:
https://bit.ly/2FQwags
※過長無法點擊者必須縮網址
2.原文內容:
越南今年GDP可望首度超越新加坡 拚全球成長第一的關鍵點是?
越南是個性鮮明的國家,幾乎是有話就說,有仇必報。越南個性在外交、軍事上很管用,中
國、美國及法國都吃過苦頭。越南的民族個性在經濟發展上,也見到效果。
經濟情勢慘成一片的時候,國際貨幣基金(IMF)本月13日的評估報告中預測,越南今年GDP
預估3406億美元,可望首度超越新加坡,成為東南亞第四大經濟體。
疫情控制好 估是今年全球經濟成長率最高國家
不僅如此,摩根史坦利首席全球策略師魯吉·夏爾馬(Ruchir Sharma)同一天也在紐約時
報發表文章指出,疫情控制快又好,是越南經濟復甦的最有利條件,他預估越南今年將成為
全球增長最快的經濟體,預計經濟成長3%。
越南也在同一天發布好消息,總理阮春福表示,今年全球經濟遇到許多困難,越南進出口貿
易總額仍保持成長,並首次達到170億美元貿易順差紀錄。阮春福說,這是越南深度融入世
界經濟的結果。
超車新加坡 將成為東南亞第四大經濟體
越南似乎與東南亞其他國家,甚至是全球其他經濟體走在不同的逆向道上,大家都在比誰比
較不慘,或是誰還可以撐更久,越南一支獨秀實現「防疫情、促發展」雙重目標。依照阮春
福的解釋,「證明黨和國家正確領導」。
單就東南亞,越南在IMF的評估中,將成為印尼、泰國、菲律賓之後的第四大經濟體,新加
坡首度被越南超越。夏爾馬還認為越南透過出口實現繁榮發展的策略,可能真的是今年全球
經濟成長率最高國家。
2011~2019年GDP成長從未低於5.25%
他的重要論點之一是疫情控制得宜,越南至20日為止,確診病例1140人、死亡35人,對於一
個人口近億(9600萬人)、相當於台灣四倍人口的國家,能夠保持四位數確診、不到40人死
亡,難能可貴。
防疫有成的國家不是只有越南,越南原本體質就夠強,今年才拉大與其他國家經濟成長的差
距。越南2011年到2019年GDP成長從未低於5.25%。世界銀行在10月的報告中提到,Q3反彈有
利於越南全年經濟成長率落在2.5%到3%之間。
世界少見!每年新興建設投資約占GDP的8%
越南、中國、北韓採行共產黨一黨專政體制,由共產黨領導國家。夏馬爾的文章提到,當其
他新興國家關注社會福利時,越南在一黨專政下把資源投入到基礎建設,包括道路、港口及
建造學校以訓練工人。越南每年在新興建設的投資約占GDP的8%,全世界少見。
韓國LG已將把生產線由南韓移往越南海防市,日本松下電器也將把大容量冰箱及洗衣機生產
線移到越南。胡志明市美國商會表示,越南是美國轉移生產鏈時的首選,2018年有17%、201
9年有36%的產業移往越南。
過去五年,越南獲得「外國直接投資(FDI)」平均都占越南GDP的6%以上,在新興國家中沒
有那個國家比越南更高,這些投資都用於建造工廠和相關的基礎建設。今年8月和歐盟簽成
的EVFTA雙邊貿易協定生效,越南71%輸往歐盟貨品立即免關稅。
面對中美強權 越南從不委屈自己
越南能夠在經濟面穩住自己的前進節奏,必然也和民族個性有關。大部分國家無法像越南一
樣,對中國、美國兩大強權都有一套自己的應對模式,既不選邊站,也不委曲自己。
越南在南海問題面對的是中國大陸的強勢,總理阮春福說,「越南堅持鬥爭維護海洋島嶼主
權」,而且說到做到。例如,2014年越南與中國大陸海洋石油探測船「海洋石油981」鑽油
台發生衝突,越南衝撞中方船隻1400餘次,越南不但沒退讓,而且造成「513反中暴動」,
台灣廠商還間接受害。
2014年7月中,新華社說,「海洋石油981鑽井平台已於7月15日結束在西沙群島中建島附近
海域的鑽探作業,按計畫順利取得相關地質數據資料。」中新網說,「海洋石油981鑽井平
台將按計畫轉場至海南島」,這是夾著尾巴逃走的文雅版說法。
翻開歷史,美國在越戰也被越南修理過,1975年美軍身心重創地離開越南,死亡美軍超過5
萬8千人。法國雖曾殖民過越南,1954年越南5萬軍隊包圍法軍11個營,越南不但打贏奠邊府
關鍵戰,也把法國勢力逐出越南。
勞動力成本漲、私企要求鉅額貸款 恐爆發金融危機
夏爾馬眼中的越南,至今「還沒有犯下致命的政治錯誤」,但越南也不是完美的競爭領頭羊
,接下來越南要面對的是經濟面特有的難題。
例如,2020年越南的勞動力成本(Labor cost)約是207美元,約是中國大陸的一半。這僅
是表面數字,依越南資深台商簡智明去年的評估,全越南缺工達67萬人,要招到足額且素質
達標的勞工,必須再加上各項獎金及雜支,成本就達到400美元。
此外,越南國企私有化後,政府面對由國企分裂出來的私人企業要求的巨額貸款,是否能嚴
格把關不無疑問,若答案是否定的,爆發金融危機的可能性隨時都在。
3.心得/評論:
※必需填寫滿20字
越南加油呀
比某國更值得敬佩
撐得過現在
才有未來
--
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By Iris
at 2021-03-15T05:18
at 2021-03-15T05:18
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at 2021-03-18T11:36
at 2021-03-18T11:36
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at 2021-03-19T04:36
at 2021-03-19T04:36
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at 2021-03-23T04:26
at 2021-03-23T04:26
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By Ingrid
at 2021-03-25T20:23
at 2021-03-25T20:23
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By Emma
at 2021-03-28T23:37
at 2021-03-28T23:37
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By Yuri
at 2021-03-31T00:26
at 2021-03-31T00:26
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By Vanessa
at 2021-04-01T09:47
at 2021-04-01T09:47
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By Isla
at 2021-04-02T04:48
at 2021-04-02T04:48
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at 2021-04-05T21:46
at 2021-04-05T21:46
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at 2021-04-07T06:38
at 2021-04-07T06:38
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By Lydia
at 2021-04-10T10:58
at 2021-04-10T10:58
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By Ina
at 2021-04-10T21:36
at 2021-04-10T21:36
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at 2021-04-11T04:12
at 2021-04-11T04:12
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at 2021-04-15T15:42
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at 2021-04-18T09:21
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at 2021-04-22T01:00
at 2021-04-22T01:00
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By Harry
at 2021-04-22T10:23
at 2021-04-22T10:23
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By Daph Bay
at 2021-04-26T14:19
at 2021-04-26T14:19
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By David
at 2021-04-30T22:50
at 2021-04-30T22:50
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By Callum
at 2021-05-03T21:34
at 2021-05-03T21:34
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at 2021-05-04T15:22
at 2021-05-04T15:22
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By Vanessa
at 2021-05-08T16:22
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at 2021-05-13T12:36
at 2021-05-13T12:36
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at 2021-05-16T10:08
at 2021-05-16T10:08
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at 2021-05-19T02:57
at 2021-05-19T02:57
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