美石油產量暴跌4成 全球油市危機近了? - 股票

By Irma
at 2021-02-18T15:06
at 2021-02-18T15:06
Table of Contents
原文標題:美石油產量暴跌4成 全球油市危機近了?
(請勿刪減原文標題)
原文連結:https://bit.ly/3s7z1Uu
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發布時間:2.18
(請以原文網頁/報紙之發布時間為準)
原文內容:
空前嚴寒使美國主要石油產區中部各州油井停擺,日產量由寒流前1,100萬桶減少超過400
萬桶,近4成降幅創下紀錄,而且恐要到下周一(22日)才有望恢復。多名能源分析專家
憂心,實際減產量和延續時間可能更多,將演變成1場全球石油市場危機。
美國大部分油井集中在受災最嚴重的德克薩斯、西墨西哥、奧克拉荷馬等州,開採後經過
提煉,直接由墨西哥灣沿岸港口如南路易斯安那港、休士頓港(加爾維斯頓附近,與城市
休士頓無關)出口。
但是位於德州西部、最重要石油產區二疊紀盆地(Permian Basin)大部分油井因寒害停
止運作,該區產量較一般基準減少65%至80%。全球最大煉油中心之一如此劇烈的產量削
減,加上向海外運輸油品的水路本周大部分時間都在中斷狀態,影響已經開始擴大。
3月交割原油期貨價格在周二(16日)突破每桶60美元,締造13個多月來新高,4月交割布
蘭特(Brent)原油期貨價格更已經高達64.34美元,10個月前該期貨才跌破過16美元,現
在價格超過4倍。歐洲油商為尋找美國出口油品替代品大肆收購,也造成歐洲油價開始上
揚。
Energy Aspects分析師黑恩斯(Kitt Haines)說:「墨西哥灣沿岸就像油箱,會將產品
運往美國與世界各地。」大宗商品巨擘托克集團(Trafigura)石油交易聯席主管拉考克
(Ben Luckock)說:「市場低估了德州因惡劣天候減少的產量。」
原本各方預期停產是2至3天,規模也沒有如此之大,但隨著嚴寒持續,預測停產時間越變
越長,規模也持續上看。花旗(Citigroup)曾預估到3月前的損失產能是1600萬桶,但現
在更多分析預測的數字是花旗的2倍以上。
寒害之後所有基礎設施要多久時間恢復也是變數。渣打(Standard Chartered)大宗商品
研究主管侯斯內爾(Paul Horsnell)說:「從上次二疊紀盆地遇到酷寒的情況來看,油
井應該能很快恢復。但是煉油廠更容易受到長期破壞。」
好消息是頁岩油最主要產地米德蘭德(Midland)周末氣溫就將回升至攝氏13度左右,有
望恢復生產,該區周一(15日)曾測得1989年來最低溫攝氏零下19度。但是美國出乎意料
的寒害,使OPEC(石油輸出國組織)領頭羊沙烏地阿拉伯2、3月減產決定影響更劇烈。尚
未決定4月產量OPEC+(由非OPEC成員的10個產油國組成)可能是救命稻草,但主要領導者
俄羅斯自身產量也受嚴寒打擊,遠未達到目標產量。
心得/評論:
天然氣要漲了?
推薦哪檔?
--
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