綠電並非零污染!恐掀新挖礦熱,鋰開採量 - 股票
By John
at 2020-11-12T08:29
at 2020-11-12T08:29
Table of Contents
1.原文連結:
https://technews.tw/2020/11/11/mining-fever-lithium/
2.原文內容:
綠電並非零污染!恐掀新挖礦熱,鋰開採量增 2,700%
綠電當道,歐美誓言要用再生能源取代高污染的化石燃料,但是其實綠電並非毫無污染,
要打造太陽能面板和風力發電機,需要使用大量金屬,這會掀起採礦熱,造成新的生態問
題。
OilPrice、Seeking Alpha 報導,銀和銦(indium)是製作太陽能面板的必須原料。
2017 年世界銀行(World Bank)報告預測,最佳情況下,如果無銀的薄膜太陽能板滲透
率提高,每年所需的銀仍會從當前的 2.4 萬噸增至 4 萬噸以上。最糟情況下,要是需要
銀的矽晶太陽能板繼續盛行,銀的需求將超過 7 萬噸。與此同時,銦的開採量可能需要
提高 920%。
另外,綠能需要鋰電池儲存能源,鋰開採量將提高 2,700%。每挖掘一噸的鋰,需要 50
萬加侖的水,智利有些地區原本就水資源短缺,挖礦的龐大用水需求,會讓當地民眾情況
更為窘迫。
Wood Mackenzie 10 月報告預估,要轉換成綠能,需要對多種關鍵金屬投資 1 兆美元。
換句話說,未來 15 年的採礦投資,將是過去 15 年的兩倍。由此可見,要打造清淨能源
的基礎設施,可能會重創生態。人類對礦物的開採,已經超過永續程度,世銀的估計只是
全球半數能源改用綠能,已對地球造成極大負擔。
不只如此,風電和光電設施使用 20~25 年後,需要汰換,風力發電機的渦輪葉片無法回
收,會製造新的垃圾。太陽能板更含有毒物質,會污染環境,儘管太陽能板大多可以回收
,但是此一行業獲利少,業者不多,情況或許會和塑膠一樣。各國高喊環保,呼籲回收,
但是塑膠實際回收量只有 9%,未來 30 年或許會出現 6,000 萬噸的光電廢棄物。
Seeking Alpha 文章指出,以為 100% 依靠綠能或是 50% 轉用綠能,就不會引發環境問
題,此種想法太過短視。
3.心得/評論:
之前台灣砍樹種太陽能板,也受到國內檢討聲浪。
--
https://technews.tw/2020/11/11/mining-fever-lithium/
2.原文內容:
綠電並非零污染!恐掀新挖礦熱,鋰開採量增 2,700%
綠電當道,歐美誓言要用再生能源取代高污染的化石燃料,但是其實綠電並非毫無污染,
要打造太陽能面板和風力發電機,需要使用大量金屬,這會掀起採礦熱,造成新的生態問
題。
OilPrice、Seeking Alpha 報導,銀和銦(indium)是製作太陽能面板的必須原料。
2017 年世界銀行(World Bank)報告預測,最佳情況下,如果無銀的薄膜太陽能板滲透
率提高,每年所需的銀仍會從當前的 2.4 萬噸增至 4 萬噸以上。最糟情況下,要是需要
銀的矽晶太陽能板繼續盛行,銀的需求將超過 7 萬噸。與此同時,銦的開採量可能需要
提高 920%。
另外,綠能需要鋰電池儲存能源,鋰開採量將提高 2,700%。每挖掘一噸的鋰,需要 50
萬加侖的水,智利有些地區原本就水資源短缺,挖礦的龐大用水需求,會讓當地民眾情況
更為窘迫。
Wood Mackenzie 10 月報告預估,要轉換成綠能,需要對多種關鍵金屬投資 1 兆美元。
換句話說,未來 15 年的採礦投資,將是過去 15 年的兩倍。由此可見,要打造清淨能源
的基礎設施,可能會重創生態。人類對礦物的開採,已經超過永續程度,世銀的估計只是
全球半數能源改用綠能,已對地球造成極大負擔。
不只如此,風電和光電設施使用 20~25 年後,需要汰換,風力發電機的渦輪葉片無法回
收,會製造新的垃圾。太陽能板更含有毒物質,會污染環境,儘管太陽能板大多可以回收
,但是此一行業獲利少,業者不多,情況或許會和塑膠一樣。各國高喊環保,呼籲回收,
但是塑膠實際回收量只有 9%,未來 30 年或許會出現 6,000 萬噸的光電廢棄物。
Seeking Alpha 文章指出,以為 100% 依靠綠能或是 50% 轉用綠能,就不會引發環境問
題,此種想法太過短視。
3.心得/評論:
之前台灣砍樹種太陽能板,也受到國內檢討聲浪。
--
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