拜登增稅 可能只會影響美國1.8%高所得家 - 股票

By Eden
at 2020-11-08T11:57
at 2020-11-08T11:57
Table of Contents
1.原文連結:
https://bit.ly/3l9Dovp
※過長無法點擊者必須縮網址
2.原文內容:
拜登增稅 可能只會影響美國1.8%高所得家庭
若不論美國總統當選人拜登增稅措施可能遭受來自國會的阻力,華爾街日報分析,美國總統
當選人拜登租稅政策的「魔術數字」,是以年所得40萬美元的家庭作為提高稅率的起點。家
庭所得經過調整後低於40萬美元者,只需繳納直接稅;家庭所得愈高,繳稅愈多,有些家庭
還可能要多繳許多。
報導指出,40萬美元的分界線,不是隨便劃出來的。這個金額遠比所謂的「中產階級所得」
高出不少,也比東、西岸專業人士階層的所得要高。拜登陣營的經濟顧問哈里斯指出,「任
何年所得超過40萬美元的家庭,都能夠很輕鬆地多繳一些稅」。
這項政見的目的,是在強調民主黨的租稅主張主要針對高所得階層,既能讓政府擴張支出,
又不會加重大部分民眾的負擔。共和黨指拜登提高企業稅率,將會傷害中所得家庭,並質疑
拜登的支票能否兌現。
依據賓州大學華頓商學院的預算模型,年所得超過40萬美元門檻的家庭只占1.8%,預料2021
年這些家庭的所得占總所得的24.8%。門檻以上的家庭,就須多繳稅;所得頂端0.1%家庭的
最高邊際稅率將由27.8%,提高到38.4%。
於是這次總統大選的租稅政策之爭就此定調:川普主張100%的家庭都不會被提高稅率,拜登
承諾98.2%的家庭不會被要求多繳稅。
在長期間,由於美國預算收支一直都呈現赤字,因此兩黨堅持不普遍加稅,財政終將面臨挑
戰;但就短期而言,由於經濟疲軟,利率又低,因此兩黨議員都支持政府靠擴大財政赤字,
來挹注擴張支出政策。
再進一步觀察,拜登提高企業及高所得家庭的稅率,不但將能徵得數兆美元的稅金,也讓民
主黨能夠捍衛「只對極少數人增稅」的承諾。
再進一步觀察,拜登提高企業及高所得家庭的稅率,不但將能徵得數兆美元的稅金,也讓民
主黨能夠捍衛「只對極少數人增稅」的承諾。
兩黨能夠劃出明確的分野線,能讓民眾更容易了解雙方的主張,這的確是好事,但風險在於
更容易追究責任的歸屬。
拜登的民調支持度雖領先川普,但在經濟問題上民眾對兩人的評價卻相當接近,這部分是因
為在肺炎疫情之前勞工的薪資持續增加,以及股市展現多頭走勢。
拜登主張將個人所得稅最高邊際稅率從37%提高到39.6%,限制抵減項目,提高頂級資本利得
稅率,並對年薪超過40萬美元以上者加徵12.4%社會安全薪資稅。
拜登並主張將企業稅率從21%提高到28%,並對企業加徵新稅。他也贊成對一些高所得家庭提
供一項減稅措施,即取消各州與地方稅抵減額1萬美元的上限,因為這項抵消上限對紐約及
加州等地的民眾而言實在太低。
拜登主張在十年內,增加稅收3兆-4兆美元,目的是取得足夠的錢,來支應教育與氣候變遷
領域的永久性支出。但除非民主黨在眾議院也取得多數席次,否則他的政見將無法落實。
目前拜登的稅制政見還缺少細節,因此無論是單親還是已婚家庭都可能同樣面臨40萬美元的
門檻。另外政見中也未提到此一門檻是否會隨著通膨率而調整;如果不依據物價指數調整,
長期間將有更多人的稅率將被提高。
一些民主黨人士認為40萬美元的門檻太高,應該降低,才能使政府增加更多稅收,來支應勞
工有薪家務假及社會安全項目擴張等支出。
另外拜登主張對企業提高稅率,租稅經濟學者認為對各所得階層都有影響,因為企業稅負加
重後可能限制勞工薪資增幅。正因為如此,川普陣營才會強調拜登的政見會對年所得低於40
萬美元的家庭也造成傷害。
拜登並主張對一些年所得低於40萬美元的家庭提供一些減稅措施,包括對住宅首購族及家裡
有人需要照顧的家庭提供補助,撫養幼童寬減額由每人2,000美元提高到3,000美元,學童寬
減額提高更多,並對低所得家庭提供更多減免項目。
3.心得/評論:
※必需填寫滿20字
好了啦該看看拜登的政策了
加稅
不只是高所得家庭
還有企業喔
別忘了還有加州的60%
--
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