註：廠商的最適決策是要追求「利潤」極大化
若生產過程中，提高產量可以增加「利潤」，就會增產
(不是增加收益)
因此原PO在上一篇的推文中提到
何不在無彈性的階段生產?
因為在無彈性的階段生產，只要增產，利潤就會增加
因此廠商會增產，直到Ed > 1 的階段
且 MR = MC 為止 (忽略充份條件的討論)
Note that a monopolist always produces a quantity at which
demand is elastic.
(追求利潤極大化) 的獨占廠商，其最適產量必發生在需求彈性大於1之處
(註1：elastic：有彈性、或彈性大於1)
(註2：此處沒有特別說明，但前提是需求線是線性的)
If the firm produced a quantity for which demand was inelastic,
then if the firm raised its price,quantity would fall by a smaller
percentage than the rise inprice, so revenue would increase.
若此一廠商在需求曲線上無彈性(inelastic, 彈性小於1) 的階段進行生產
只要此一廠商提高售價，因為需求量減少的幅度 小於 價格提高的幅度
所以總收益(TR) 仍會增加
(註1：|Ed| = dlnQ / dlnP < 1 => dlnQ < dlnP
需求量變動百分比 < 價格變動百分比 )
(註2：Ed小於1時，P與TR呈同向變動：dTR / dP > 0)
Because costs would decrease at a lower quantity,
the firm would have higher revenue and lower costs,
so profit would be higher.
(承上：在需求無彈性的階段，只要廠商抬高價格、減少產出，則)
當產量較低(少)時，成本較低，且收益(TR) 較高
因此 (在Ed小於1的階段) 可以 (透過提高售價) 獲得較高的利潤
==============================================================================
Max profit = TR - TC = P(Q)*Q - TC(Q)
f.o.c
d(profit) / dQ = 0
(dTR/dQ) - (dTC/dQ) = 0
MR - MC = 0
MR = MC
又：MR = P [ 1 - (1/Ed) ]，且一般設定 MC非負
MR = MC
P [ 1 - (1/Ed) ] = MC > 0
1 - (1/Ed) > 0
Ed > 1
==============================================================================
※ 引述《eu7908 (小事)》之銘言：
: 老師給的投影片上面是這樣寫：
: Note that a monopolist always produces a quantity at which
: demand is elastic. If the firm produced a quantity for which
: demand was inelastic, then if the firm raised its price,
: quantity would fall by a smaller percentage than the rise in
: price, so revenue would increase. Because costs would decrease
: at a lower quantity, the firm would have higher revenue and
: lower costs, so profit would be higher.
: 我不懂的是
: 明明說獨占廠商總是在彈性的時候製造，那後面又說
: 若demand是非彈性的時候，提高價格，收入又會增加
: 既然如此，為什麼不在非彈性的時候製造呢？
: 後面又有說成本在較少量的時候會減少，通常不是
: 製造越多成本越低嗎？
: 還是這有錯誤？
: 我整個霧煞煞啊T^T
: 請救救我！
--
無心擁有 何嘆失去
無心真正追尋過的擁有 便無須矯情怨失去
若是無悔追尋過 烙在心頭上 又怎能失的去
--
All Comments