千萬人恐失業 中國現勞工抗議聲浪 - 股票

By Michael
at 2020-04-14T09:48
at 2020-04-14T09:48
Table of Contents
1.原文連結:
※過長無法點擊者必須縮網址
https://reurl.cc/O1ED6g
2.原文內容:
千萬人恐失業 中國現勞工抗議聲新冠病毒在全球迅速蔓延,使中國的快速復蘇希望破滅
。許多失業者因為不在社會安全網內,無法獲得國家失業救濟金。生活陷入困頓的他們集
結起來要求政府出面解決。
(德國之聲中文網) 新冠狀病毒疫情在全球遲未降溫下,經濟學家警告中國今年可能有數
千萬人失業。分析師預計,由於復工受阻和全球需求急劇下降,中國今年將有近3千萬個
工作崗位流失,超過了2008到2009年金融危機期間的2千多萬人遭裁員的數字。
最新數據顯示,自金融危機爆發以來的10年間,北京加強失業救濟,使資方和勞動者共同
繳納的救濟金增加了3倍,達到5817億元人民幣(約合823.7億美元)。
但數以百萬計的工人沒有簽訂合同或沒有繳納失業保險。一但遭到解僱,他們只能依靠雇
主給他們的補償。許多失業者只能吃老本或是向家人求助。
經濟學人智庫(Economist Intelligence Unit)中國分析師王丹表示,根據人力資源和社
會保障部的數據,1月和2月約有229萬人領取了失業保險。同期,估計有500萬人失去了工
作。
她估計今年可能還會有2千2百萬人失去工作,但只有一半人可能有資格領取失業救濟金。
誰能領失業救濟?
一名19歲的薛姓女子4月份被北京一家美甲店解僱,但是因為她的工作時間不夠長,沒能
申請到失業保險。她說:“在北京這樣的城市,房租很高,但我卻沒有任何收入。”
另一名56歲王姓的美食街女員工在疫情期間因為營業額下降而被解僱。她的合同中沒有包
括任何失業保險,因為她已經過了55歲的女性退休年齡。
她說:“他們不是因為我的表現而解僱我.......疫情期間,每個人的生計都有很大危險。
”
根據中國的法律規定,登記有案的工人在繳交失業保險金10年後,有2年時間每月可以領
取失業救濟。繳費年限越短,領取的時間就越短。
在北京,如果繳納失業保險的時間夠長,每月最高可獲得1815元人民幣(約合257美元)
的失業保險金。但根據政府數據,這還不到2018年農民工平均工資的一半,比北京每月平
均2500元人民幣左右的房租還少。
勞工抗議聲浪起
對中國約2億勞動密集的農村農民工來說,這樣情況尤其嚴重。他們不但工資微薄,獲得
公共衛生保健的機會也有限。
在中國為了控制病毒,封鎖全國大部分地區時,無法越過城市封鎖線的他們工作也沒有著
落。據斯坦福大學的一項研究估計,中國封城措施可能讓農民工損失了高達1千億美元的
工資。
此外,解封之後,因經濟活動被打壓而受害特別嚴重的勞工,如出租車司機等開始上街抗
議。
香港維權組織《中國勞工通訊》(China Labor Bulletin)的數據顯示,在3月份發生的50
起工人集體抗議活動中,有一半是在服務和運輸業。建築工人也因賠償問題上街,其中包
括一些在中國最初爆發疫情武漢市幫助修建急救醫院的工人。
該組織宣傳總監郭展睿(Geoffrey Crothall)說:“我們已經看到的主要問題,工人的抗議
活動又開始悄然興起,這次主要也是因為拖欠工錢。”他說:“雖然政府保證工人會拿到
工資,但根本就沒有。”
3.心得/評論:
※必需填寫滿20字
要解決失業率?
大量原農村勞動力回去下崗阿
敢出來抗議生計???新疆剛好很缺勞動力就送你們過去吧
--
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