信用卡回饋優惠背後是窮人買單?經濟學家 - 信用卡
By Eden
at 2023-05-28T07:01
at 2023-05-28T07:01
Table of Contents
1.媒體來源
now
2.完整新聞標題
信用卡回饋優惠背後是窮人買單?經濟學家:恐加劇所得分配不公
3.完整新聞內文
記者倪浩軒/綜合報導
2023-05-27 21:33:39
如今的消費時代,人手多張信用卡,每張信用卡都有各自的紅利回饋機制,聰明的消費者
往往會針對不同的消費品項,搭配最合適的信用卡,藉此最大化享受信用卡的紅利回饋。
但是有經濟學家表示,這些信用卡的優惠回饋制度,相當於創造出一個所得重分配系統,
而在這個系統內,財富由貧窮的那一端朝較富裕的那一端移動,導致所得分配不均的現象
越來越擴大。
根據《CNBC》報導,搭配某種消費紅利回饋機制的信用卡(rewars cards)佔了目前市場
的絕大比例,90%的信用卡支出,都是在這種擁有紅利回饋的信用卡之下消費。只要消費
者算盤打得精,每年從花費中拿回數百美元的回饋紅利,是非常容易達到的。
新加坡國立大學的金融教授阿加瓦爾(Sumit Agarwal)表示,這些回饋信用卡創造了一
種生態體系,透過給予消費者回饋紅利,讓消費者對消費上癮。根據阿加瓦爾的研究,在
2019年,全美國所流通的回饋信用卡,共發出了價值350億美元的紅利回饋。
那麼,這筆錢是由誰買單呢?當你累積足夠多信用卡紅利點數後兌換獎勵,不用花錢買機
票時,實際上究竟是誰代替你,出了這筆機票的費用呢?
阿加瓦爾研究這些金融公司的收入來源,發現那些較窮、信用評分較低的用戶,往往會為
了達到紅利回饋的門檻而過度消費,導致他們必須承受循環利息。而對那些本來就比較富
裕、信用評分較高的用戶來說,他們無需改變消費模式,就能輕鬆獲得紅利回饋。
最終造成的現象就是,透過回饋信用卡的機制,財富從較貧窮的那群人,流往較富裕的那
群人,所得差距越來越擴大。根據阿加瓦爾的研究,在2019年,這類從較窮的族群流向較
富裕族群的金額就高達150億美元。阿加瓦爾認為,如果社會的目標是追求平等,就應該
注意回饋信用卡帶來的逆分配效果。
不過第一資本(Capital One)的副總裁納瓦瑞德(Andy Navarrete)不認同這樣的說法
,納瓦瑞德認為,大部分繳付循環利息的消費者,他們所主要使用的並非回饋信用卡。且
納瓦瑞德指出,阿加瓦爾研究的假設在於,每張信用卡自負盈虧,要付出的紅利回饋金額
由信用卡賺取的費用來支出,但實際上,金融機構並非如此運作,因此說紅利回饋金額是
較窮的消費者在買單並不正確
4.心得
真的太誇張了~~ 原來這些回饋 竟然是窮人的血汗錢
有錢人刷無上限的回饋卡 拿到很多紅利 但是 窮人 為了追求小小的紅利 反而害了自己
真的要小心欸 以後刷卡的時候 還是要多注意一下喔
5.完整新聞連結 (或短網址)
https://www.nownews.com/news/6152794
--
Tags:
信用卡
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