不忍了陸出手反制!對鎵、鍺等稀土實施出 - 股票QA
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at 2023-07-03T22:38
at 2023-07-03T22:38
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新聞來源:中時
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https://www.chinatimes.com/realtimenews/20230703004707-260409?chdtv
不忍了陸出手反制!對鎵、鍺等稀土實施出口管制
21:352023/07/03
中時 藍孝威
中國商務部及海關總署今天(3日)發布公告稱,為維護國家安全和利益,經國務院批准,決定對鎵、鍺相關物項實施出口管制,相關措施自8月1日起正式實施。由於這些稀土是製造半導體產品的關鍵原材料,中國這次打稀土牌,被外界視為對美國和西方國家施壓的「半導體圍堵」發起反擊。
受到管制出口的稀土中,鎵相關物項包括金屬鎵、氮化鎵、氧化鎵、磷化鎵、砷化鎵、銦鎵砷、硒化鎵、銻化鎵。鍺相關物項包括金屬鍺、區熔鍺錠、磷鍺鋅、鍺外延生長襯底、二氧化鍺、四氯化鍺。
公告稱,出口經營者應按照相關規定辦理出口許可手續,通過省級商務主管部門向商務部提出申請,填寫兩用物項和技術出口申請表及提交相關文件。商務部應當自收到出口申請文件之日起進行審查,或者會同有關部門進行審查,並在法定時限內作出准予或者不予許可的決定。
公告稱,如企業未經許可出口、超出許可範圍出口或存在其他違法情形,由商務部或者海關等部門給予行政處罰。構成犯罪的,依法追究刑事責任。
據香港《經濟日報》報導,鎵的化合物是優質的半導體材料,被廣泛應用到光電子工業和微波通信工業,用於製造微波通訊與微波集成、紅外光學與紅外探測器件、積體電路、發光二極管等。鍺也是一種重要的半導體材料,用於製造晶體管及各種電子裝置。主要的終端應用為光纖系統與紅外線光學,也用於聚合反應的催化劑,製造電子器件與太陽能電力等。
另據法國廣播電台報導,根據歐盟委員會2020年的一分報告,中國占了鎵產量的80%,鍺80%的產量也來自中國。
就在中國2部門公告對鎵、鍺相關物項實施出口管制前幾天,荷蘭政府上周五(6月30日)宣佈,將與美國和日本一道,自今年9月起進一步收緊部分光刻機等半導體相關產品的出口限制。荷蘭此舉被視為響應美國政府號召,與日本一起對中國實施半導體高端技術封鎖。
中國商務部上週六(7月1日)發表聲明,呼籲荷蘭政府不要阻止中荷兩國半導體行業的合作與發展,也不要「濫用出口管制措施」,「近幾個月以來,中荷雙方就半導體出口管制問題開展了多層級、多頻次的溝通磋商。但是荷方最終仍將相關半導體設備列管,中方對此表示不滿。」
中共總書記習近平2019年5月曾赴江西調研,考察贛州稀土產業發展情況。當時正值美國川普政府對中國掀起貿易戰,引發外界聯想,北京是否將對美國祭出「稀土牌」?4年後,答案終於揭曉,面對西方國家步步進逼,中國也決定出手反制。。
…..
中共開始限制稀有金屬出口了,還是半導體重要的成分
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
By Tristan Cohan
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Kristin
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Elvira
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Rae
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Victoria
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Sierra Rose
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Zora
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Ula
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By David
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Gilbert
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Skylar DavisLinda
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Edwina
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Necoo
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Adele
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Lucy
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Connor
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Thomas
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Poppy
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Yedda
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Sierra Rose
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Heather
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Margaret
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Puput
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Megan
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Agnes
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Queena
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Edwina
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Leila
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Vanessa
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Hedwig
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Edwina
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Freda
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Tom
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Tracy
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Liam
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Steve
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Isla
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Dinah
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Edwina
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Donna
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Barb Cronin
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Hedy
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Wallis
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Enid
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Eden
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Jacky
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Yuri
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Freda
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Oliver
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Edith
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Jack
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Enid
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Damian
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Rachel
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Edward Lewis
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Caroline
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Annie
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Tom
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Dora
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Linda
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Lily
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Carolina Franco
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By John
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Robert
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Necoo
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Sierra Rose
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Noah
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Thomas
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Andrew
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Lucy
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Jessica
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By George
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Hardy
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Erin
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Daph Bay
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Iris
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Zenobia
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Hazel
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Eden
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Hardy
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Hardy
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Iris
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Jacky
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Christine
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Ingrid
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Frederic
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Madame
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Hamiltion
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Carolina Franco
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Kelly
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Una
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Ingrid
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Wallis
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Edward Lewis
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Cara
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Carolina Franco
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Leila
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Adele
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Barb Cronin
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Michael
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Audriana
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Jessica
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Skylar DavisLinda
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Frederica
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Damian
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Lauren
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Quanna
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Lydia
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Frederic
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Anthony
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Queena
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Hazel
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Lydia
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Enid
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Enid
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Bennie
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Elvira
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Kumar
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Andy
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Emma
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Skylar Davis
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Irma
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Gary
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Ula
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Ida
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Frederica
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Noah
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Annie
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Kama
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Heather
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Caitlin
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Ingrid
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Delia
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Joseph
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Yuri
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Delia
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Caroline
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Brianna
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Jacky
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Lauren
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Damian
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48

By Rebecca
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Emily
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Olive
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Elizabeth
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Christine
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Gary
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Lucy
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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at 2023-07-07T23:24
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at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Agatha
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Kelly
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Franklin
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24

By Wallis
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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at 2023-07-07T23:24
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at 2023-07-07T05:48
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at 2023-07-07T23:24
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at 2023-07-07T05:48
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By Barb Cronin
at 2023-07-07T23:24
at 2023-07-07T23:24
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By Wallis
at 2023-07-07T05:48
at 2023-07-07T05:48
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